Galovski Tara E, Blanchard Edward B, Malta Loretta S, Freidenberg Brian M
University at Albany, State University of New York Center for Stress and Anxiety Disorders, New York, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2003 Sep;41(9):1055-67. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(02)00242-5.
Twenty drivers were remanded to our treatment program by the courts following arrests related to serious aggressive driving behaviors. Ten additional drivers entered our program in response to our advertisements thus identifying themselves as aggressive drivers. Psychophysiological assessments were conducted on all 30 drivers and heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and skin resistance level (SRL) were measured in response to exposure to a mental arithmetic neutral stressor, two idiosyncratic, audio-taped, aggressive driving vignettes (audio 1 and audio 2), and one non-driving related fearful vignette. Fourteen non-aggressive driving controls also completed the assessment. The results indicated that the aggressive drivers (ADs) showed significantly more SBP responsivity during audio 1 and audio 2 and significantly less SBP reactivity during the mental arithmetic stressor than the controls. The aggressive drivers then completed a four-week, group intervention which included relaxation techniques specifically targeting aggressive driving behaviors. The same psychophysiological assessment was conducted at post-treatment. The results showed significant pre- to post-treatment decreases in HR, p<0.003, SBP, p<0.01, and DBP, p<0.02 during audio 1. Similarly, decreases were evident in audio 2 in SBP, p<0.03 only. No decreases in reactivity occurred during the neutral stressor or fearful situation.
20名司机因与严重攻击性驾驶行为相关的逮捕事件被法庭送交我们的治疗项目。另外10名司机因看到我们的广告而加入了我们的项目，从而表明自己是攻击性司机。对所有30名司机进行了心理生理评估，测量了他们在接触一道心算中性应激源、两段特定的、录音的攻击性驾驶场景（音频1和音频2）以及一段与驾驶无关的恐惧场景时的心率（HR）、收缩压和舒张压（SBP和DBP）以及皮肤电阻水平（SRL）。14名非攻击性驾驶对照组也完成了评估。结果表明，与对照组相比，攻击性司机在音频1和音频2期间的SBP反应性明显更高，而在心算应激源期间的SBP反应性明显更低。然后，攻击性司机完成了为期四周的小组干预，其中包括专门针对攻击性驾驶行为的放松技巧。在治疗后进行了相同的心理生理评估。结果显示，在音频1期间，治疗前到治疗后的HR显著下降，p<0.003，SBP显著下降，p<0.01，DBP显著下降，p<0.02。同样，在音频2中，仅SBP有明显下降，p<0.03。在中性应激源或恐惧情境中，反应性没有下降。
