生物反馈、认知行为疗法及催眠术在皮肤病学中的应用：一切皆由心生？

Biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, and hypnosis in dermatology: is it all in your mind?

作者信息

Shenefelt Philip D

机构信息

Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.

出版信息

Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(2):114-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01620.x.

DOI:10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01620.x

PMID:12919113

Abstract

Biofeedback can improve cutaneous problems that have an autonomic nervous system component. Examples include biofeedback of galvanic skin resistance (GSR) for hyperhidrosis and biofeedback of skin temperature for Raynaud's disease. Hypnosis may enhance the effects obtained by biofeedback. Cognitive-behavioral methods may resolve dysfunctional thought patterns (cognitive) or actions (behavioral) that damage the skin or interfere with dermatologic therapy. Responsive diseases include acne excoriée, atopic dermatitis, factitious cheilitis, hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex chronicus, needle phobia, neurodermatitis, onychotillomania, prurigo nodularis, trichotillomania, and urticaria. Hypnosis can facilitate aversive therapy and enhance desensitization and other cognitive-behavioral methods. Hypnosis may improve or resolve numerous dermatoses. Examples include acne excoriée, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, dyshidrotic dermatitis, erythromelalgia, furuncles, glossodynia, herpes simplex, hyperhidrosis, ichthyosis vulgaris, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, nummular dermatitis, postherpetic neuralgia, pruritus, psoriasis, rosacea, trichotillomania, urticaria, verruca vulgaris, and vitiligo. Hypnosis can also reduce the anxiety and pain associated with dermatologic procedures.

摘要

生物反馈可以改善具有自主神经系统成分的皮肤问题。例如，用于多汗症的皮肤电反应（GSR）生物反馈和用于雷诺氏病的皮肤温度生物反馈。催眠可能会增强生物反馈所获得的效果。认知行为方法可以解决损害皮肤或干扰皮肤科治疗的功能失调的思维模式（认知）或行为（行为）。相关疾病包括搔抓性痤疮、特应性皮炎、人工性唇炎、多汗症、慢性单纯性苔藓、针头恐惧症、神经性皮炎、拔甲癖、结节性痒疹、拔毛癖和荨麻疹。催眠可以促进厌恶疗法，并增强脱敏和其他认知行为方法。催眠可能改善或解决多种皮肤病。例如，搔抓性痤疮、斑秃、特应性皮炎、先天性鱼鳞病样红皮病、汗疱疹性皮炎、红斑性肢痛症、疖、舌痛症、单纯疱疹、多汗症、寻常鱼鳞病、扁平苔藓、神经性皮炎、钱币状皮炎、带状疱疹后神经痛、瘙痒症、银屑病、酒渣鼻、拔毛癖、荨麻疹、寻常疣和白癜风。催眠还可以减轻与皮肤科手术相关的焦虑和疼痛。