van der Wouden Johanna M, Maier Olaf, van IJzendoorn Sven C D, Hoekstra Dick
Department of Membrane Cell Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int Rev Cytol. 2003;226:127-64. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(03)01003-9.
Plasma membranes of epithelial cells consist of two domains, an apical and a basolateral domain, the surfaces of which differ in composition. The separation of these domains by a tight junction and the fact that specific transport pathways exist for intracellular communication between these domains and distinct intracellular compartments relevant to cell polarity development, have triggered extensive research on issues that focus on how the polarity is generated and maintained. Apart from proper assembly of tight junctions, their potential functioning as landmark for the transport machinery, cell-cell adhesion is obviously instrumental in barrier formation. In recent years, distinct endocytic compartments, defined as subapical compartment or common endosome, were shown to play a prominent role in regulating membrane trafficking to and from polarized membrane domains. Sorting devices remain to be determined but likely include distinct rab proteins, and evidence is accumulating to indicate that signaling events may direct intracellular membrane transport, intimately involved in the biogenesis and maintenance of polarized membrane domains and hence the development of cell polarity.
上皮细胞的质膜由两个结构域组成，即顶端结构域和基底外侧结构域，它们的表面成分不同。紧密连接将这些结构域分隔开，并且在这些结构域与与细胞极性发育相关的不同细胞内区室之间存在特定的细胞内通讯运输途径，这引发了对细胞极性如何产生和维持的问题的广泛研究。除了紧密连接的正确组装外，它们作为运输机制的标志物的潜在功能、细胞间粘附显然在屏障形成中起作用。近年来，被定义为亚顶端区室或共同内体的不同内吞区室在调节往返极化膜结构域的膜运输中发挥着重要作用。分选装置尚待确定，但可能包括不同的rab蛋白，并且越来越多的证据表明信号事件可能指导细胞内膜运输，这与极化膜结构域的生物发生和维持密切相关，从而与细胞极性的发育密切相关。
