McLennan Conor T, Luce Paul A, Charles-Luce Jan
Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive Science, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 14260, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2003 Jul;29(4):539-53. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.29.4.539.
The authors attempted to determine whether surface representations of spoken words are mapped onto underlying, abstract representations. In particular, they tested the hypothesis that flaps--neutralized allophones of intervocalic /t/s and /d/s--are mapped onto their underlying phonemic counterparts. In 6 repetition priming experiments, participants responded to stimuli in 2 blocks of trials. Stimuli in the 1st block served as primes and those in the 2nd as targets. Primes and targets consisted of English words containing intervocalic /t/s and /d/s that, when produced casually, were flapped. In all 6 experiments, reaction times to target items were measured as a function of prime type. The results provide evidence for both surface and underlying form-based representations.
作者试图确定口语单词的表面表征是否映射到潜在的抽象表征上。具体而言，他们测试了这样一种假设，即闪音（词中元音间的/t/和/d/的中和音位变体）被映射到其潜在的音素对应物上。在6个重复启动实验中，参与者在两个试验块中对刺激做出反应。第一个试验块中的刺激作为启动项，第二个试验块中的刺激作为目标项。启动项和目标项由包含词中元音间/t/和/d/的英语单词组成，这些单词在随意发音时会发闪音。在所有6个实验中，测量了对目标项目的反应时间，并将其作为启动项类型的函数。结果为基于表面形式和潜在形式的表征都提供了证据。
