Jordán Maria J, Martínez Rosa M, Cases Maria A, Sotomayor José A
Murcian Institute of Investigation and Agricultural Development (IMIDA), C./Mayor s/n, 30150 La Alberca (Murcia) Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Aug 27;51(18):5420-7. doi: 10.1021/jf034335m.
Thymus hyemalis Lange (chemotype thymol) was cultivated as an experimental crop under different watering level conditions in order to achieve 80, 60, 40, and 20% of the local potential evapotranspiration (Eto). Two harvesting periods were considered, winter and spring. As a consequence of the great variability among plants, essential oil yield percentages did not show statistically significant differences among seasons and different levels of water supply. Capillary GC-MS analysis of the essential oils permitted the detection of 84 volatile components. Among them, 54 are described for the first time as volatile constituents of the chromatographic profile of this Thymus species. Winter harvesting showed high concentrations in thymol percentage (25.92 +/- 4.39), the 40% Eto watering level being the best with respect to obtaining the optimum quality of this essential oil. However, in spring this thyme species needs a greater water supply (80% Eto) to achieve the same amount of thymol in the essential oil (29.20 +/- 2.83). From this, it was concluded that winter harvesting could be used for the extraction of the essential oil, with a low level of water supply, whereas spring harvesting could be employed for collection of leaves as a food condiment.
为了达到当地潜在蒸发散量（Eto）的80%、60%、40%和20%，对百里香（化学型百里酚）在不同浇水水平条件下进行了实验性种植。考虑了两个收获期，冬季和春季。由于植株间差异很大，精油产量百分比在不同季节和不同供水水平之间未显示出统计学上的显著差异。对精油进行毛细管气相色谱 - 质谱分析，检测到84种挥发性成分。其中，54种首次被描述为该百里香属植物色谱图中的挥发性成分。冬季收获的百里香精油中百里酚含量较高（25.92±4.39），就获得这种精油的最佳品质而言，40% Eto的浇水水平最佳。然而，在春季，这种百里香需要更多的供水（80% Eto）才能在精油中获得相同量的百里酚（29.20±2.83）。由此得出结论，冬季收获可用于在低供水水平下提取精油，而春季收获可用于采摘叶片作为食品调味料。
