Sharp G B, Carter M A
College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
J Community Health. 1992 Dec;17(6):351-65. doi: 10.1007/BF01323997.
The poor are at high risk for fire- and scalding-related injuries and deaths, many of which could be prevented by installing smoke detectors and reducing residential tap-water temperatures to safe levels. The goal of this study was to measure the prevalence of smoke detectors and safe tap-water temperatures among welfare recipients and compare subjects living in safe and unsafe homes. We interviewed 109 black women residing in inner-city Memphis who were receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children and inspected their homes for functional smoke detectors and safe tap-water temperatures. Of the 533 residents reported to live in the homes visited for this study, 53.1% were not protected by smoke detectors. More crowded residences were substantially more likely to lack detectors. Most of the smoke detectors which were present were provided by landlords. Of 69 smoke detectors examined, 17.4% did not work. Of the 153 children age 0-5 years living in the homes we visited, 79.1% lived in residences with excessively hot tap water (> 54 degrees C). We conclude that additional efforts are needed to increase the use of smoke detectors and to decrease excessively hot tap water in the homes of welfare recipients.
穷人面临与火灾和烫伤相关的受伤和死亡的高风险，其中许多情况可通过安装烟雾探测器和将家庭自来水温度降至安全水平来预防。本研究的目的是测量福利领取者中烟雾探测器和安全自来水温度的普及率，并比较居住在安全和不安全房屋中的受试者。我们采访了109名居住在孟菲斯市中心、领取抚养儿童家庭援助的黑人女性，并检查她们的家中是否有正常工作的烟雾探测器和安全的自来水温度。在据报告居住在为本研究而走访的房屋中的533名居民中，53.1%没有受到烟雾探测器的保护。居住环境更拥挤的住所更有可能没有探测器。现有的大多数烟雾探测器是房东提供的。在检查的69个烟雾探测器中，17.4%无法正常工作。在我们走访的房屋中居住的153名0至5岁儿童中，79.1%生活在自来水温度过高（>54摄氏度）的住所中。我们得出结论，需要做出更多努力来增加烟雾探测器的使用，并降低福利领取者家中自来水的过高温度。
