McLoughlin E, McGuire A
San Francisco Injury Center for Research and Prevention, San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110.
Am J Dis Child. 1990 Jun;144(6):677-83. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150300075020.
In 1985, fire and/or burn injuries killed 1461 children aged 0 to 19 years in the United States; an estimated 23,638 children were hospitalized and 440,000 were treated for burns. More than 101,000 life years were lost. A "cost of burn injury" model suggests a dollar value of societal losses from childhood burn deaths and injuries at approximately $3.5 billion. Very young children (0 to 4 years) dying in house fires accounted for 47% of these deaths. Preventing fire deaths through residential sprinklers, smoke detectors, fire-safe cigarettes, and child-resistant lighters would prevent more than three quarters of all childhood fire/burn deaths. While interventions exist for tap water scalds, solutions to the problems of "kitchen" scald and gasoline-involved flame burns are less apparent.
1985年，火灾和/或烧伤导致美国1461名0至19岁儿童死亡；估计有23638名儿童住院治疗，44万名儿童接受烧伤治疗。超过10.1万个生命年因此丧失。一个“烧伤伤害成本”模型表明，儿童烧伤死亡和伤害给社会造成的损失价值约为35亿美元。在家中火灾中死亡的幼儿（0至4岁）占这些死亡人数的47%。通过安装住宅自动喷水灭火系统、烟雾探测器、防火香烟和儿童安全打火机来预防火灾死亡，可预防超过四分之三的儿童火灾/烧伤死亡。虽然针对自来水烫伤有相应干预措施，但解决“厨房”烫伤和涉及汽油的火焰烧伤问题的办法却不那么明显。
