Fritschi L, Fenwick S, Bulsara M
School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 609 Australia.
Occup Environ Med. 2003 Sep;60(9):E4. doi: 10.1136/oem.60.9.e4.
To determine the risk of all cause mortality, cause specific mortality, and incident cancer in meatworkers.
In a retrospective cohort study, a list of members of a meatworkers union in Australia was matched with the national death and cancer registries. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) and standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated using Australian population rates. Exposure to animal viruses, animal blood, animal faeces, and plastic pyrolysis products was assigned according to job title. A nested case control analysis examined the risk of mortality and cancer incidence by each exposure.
There were approximately 20 000 subjects available for analysis. Male workers had increased risk of mortality from all causes (SMR 116, 95% CI 105 to 128) and from injury (SMR 131, 95% CI 108 to 157). Risk of incident lung cancer in males was non-significantly increased (SIR 164, 95% CI 97 to 259) and males had a raised risk of head and neck cancer (SIR 188, 95% CI 103 to 315). There were no significant associations with specific exposures.
Compared to the general Australian population, meatworkers have increased risk of death from all causes, death from injury, and incident lung and head and neck cancer. Analysis by occupational exposures did not disclose any strong evidence of specific occupational risk factors, although this analysis was limited by small numbers of some outcomes and exposure assessment which was based on job titles only.
确定肉类加工工人全因死亡率、特定原因死亡率和新发癌症的风险。
在一项回顾性队列研究中，将澳大利亚一个肉类加工工人工会成员名单与国家死亡和癌症登记处进行匹配。使用澳大利亚人口率计算标准化死亡率（SMR）和标准化发病率（SIR）。根据工作岗位确定动物病毒、动物血液、动物粪便和塑料热解产物的暴露情况。巢式病例对照分析研究了每种暴露因素导致的死亡和癌症发病率风险。
约有20000名受试者可供分析。男性工人全因死亡率（SMR 116，95%CI 105至128）和因伤死亡率（SMR 131，95%CI 108至157）增加。男性新发肺癌风险虽未显著增加（SIR 164，95%CI 97至259），但男性患头颈癌风险增加（SIR 188，95%CI 103至315）。与特定暴露因素无显著关联。
与澳大利亚普通人群相比，肉类加工工人全因死亡、因伤死亡以及新发肺癌和头颈癌的风险增加。职业暴露分析未发现任何特定职业风险因素的有力证据，尽管该分析因部分结果数量少以及仅基于工作岗位的暴露评估而受到限制。
