Waters Andrew J, Shiffman Saul, Sayette Michael A, Paty Jean A, Gwaltney Chad J, Balabanis Mark H
Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, USA.
Health Psychol. 2003 Jul;22(4):378-87. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.22.4.378.
Most attempts to quit smoking end in failure, with many quitters relapsing in the first few days. Responses to smoking-related cues may precipitate relapse. A modified emotional Stroop task-which measures the extent to which smoking-related words disrupt performance on a reaction time (RT) task-was used to index the distracting effects of smoking-related cues. Smokers (N = 158) randomized to a high-dose nicotine patch (35 mg) or placebo patch completed the Stroop task on the 1st day of a quit attempt. Smokers using an active patch exhibited less attentional bias, making fewer errors on smoking-related words. Smokers who showed greater attentional bias (slowed RT on the first block of smoking words) were significantly more likely to lapse in the short-term, even when controlling for self-reported urges at the test session. Attentional bias measures may tap an important component of dependence.
大多数戒烟尝试都以失败告终，许多戒烟者在最初几天就会复吸。对与吸烟相关线索的反应可能会促使复吸。一种改良的情绪斯特鲁普任务（用于测量与吸烟相关的词语在多大程度上干扰反应时间任务的表现）被用来衡量与吸烟相关线索的干扰作用。随机分配到高剂量尼古丁贴片（35毫克）或安慰剂贴片的吸烟者（N = 158）在戒烟尝试的第一天完成了斯特鲁普任务。使用活性贴片的吸烟者表现出的注意力偏差较小，在与吸烟相关的词语上犯错较少。表现出更大注意力偏差（在第一组吸烟相关词语上反应时间减慢）的吸烟者在短期内复吸的可能性显著更高，即使在控制测试期间自我报告的冲动时也是如此。注意力偏差测量可能挖掘出了依赖的一个重要组成部分。
