Faller Patrick, Kobler Bernd, Peter Armin, Sumpter John P, Burkhardt-Holm Patricia
Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), P.O. Box 611, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003 Sep;22(9):2063-72. doi: 10.1897/02-356.
To assess the importance of sewage treatment plant effluents on fish health, we studied gudgeon in two rivers in the Swiss midlands (Canton Lucerne). Both rivers receive pollution from diffuse sources, while one also receives the effluent of a sewage treatment plant. Male and female gudgeon during and outside of the spawning season were compared with respect to reproductive parameters and health status across both rivers as well as upstream and downstream of the STP. Several biomarkers were studied, including cytochrome P4501A, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, plasma vitellogenin, ovotestis, lipid, liver histology, condition factor, gonadosomatic index, splenosomatic index, parasites of spleen and liver, population structure, and species diversity. Gudgeons of both rivers exhibited signs of a moderately impaired health status. By a stepwise backward analysis, the cytochrome P4501A content, the splenosomatic index, and the incidence of parasites in the liver were found to provide the best discrimination of the three sampling sites. Evidence of a significant elevation in response to the sewage treatment plant effluent was found neither in vitellogenin concentration nor in the ovotestis rate. While population structure was analyzed upstream and downstream of the sewage treatment plant, only gudgeons of the latter site revealed a disturbed population structure, most probably caused by a former nitrite discharge.
为评估污水处理厂排放物对鱼类健康的重要性，我们对瑞士中部（卢塞恩州）两条河流中的 gudgeon（ gudgeon 可能是某种鱼，具体需结合更多背景信息确定准确中文名，此处暂保留英文）进行了研究。两条河流均受到来自分散源的污染，而其中一条河流还接纳了一座污水处理厂的排放物。在产卵季节期间及之外，对两条河流以及污水处理厂上下游的雄性和雌性 gudgeon 的繁殖参数和健康状况进行了比较。研究了几种生物标志物，包括细胞色素 P4501A、7 - 乙氧基异吩恶唑酮 - O - 脱乙基酶、血浆卵黄蛋白原、雌雄同体性腺、脂质、肝脏组织学、条件因子、性腺体指数、脾脏体指数、脾脏和肝脏寄生虫、种群结构以及物种多样性。两条河流中的 gudgeon 均表现出健康状况中度受损的迹象。通过逐步向后分析，发现细胞色素 P4501A 含量、脾脏体指数以及肝脏中寄生虫的发生率能够最好地区分三个采样点。在卵黄蛋白原浓度和雌雄同体性腺率方面，均未发现对污水处理厂排放物有显著升高的响应证据。在污水处理厂上下游对种群结构进行分析时，仅后者采样点的 gudgeon 显示出种群结构受到干扰，很可能是由之前的亚硝酸盐排放所致。
