University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic.
University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 1;625:1494-1509. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.020. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
Concerns about the effect of sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent on the health of freshwater ecosystems have increased. In this study, a unique approach was designed to show the effect of an STP effluent-dominated stream on native wild brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) exposed under fully natural conditions. Zivny stream is located in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. The downstream site of Zivny stream is an STP-affected site, which receives 25% of its water from Prachatice STP effluent. Upstream, however, is a minimally polluted water site and it is considered to be the control site. Native fish were collected from the upstream site, tagged, and distributed to both upstream and downstream sites. After 30, 90, and 180days, fish were recaptured from both sites to determine whether the downstream site of the Zivny stream is associated with the effects of environmental pollution. Several biomarkers indicating the oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities, cytochrome P450 activity, xenoestrogenic effects, bacterial composition, and lipid composition were investigated. Additionally, polar chemical contaminants (pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)) were quantified using polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS). Fifty-three PPCPs were detected in the downstream site; 36 of those were constantly present during the 180-day investigation period. Elevated hepatic 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-O-debenzyloxylase (BFCOD) (after 90days) and blood plasma vitellogenin concentrations in males were detected in fish downstream of the STP effluent during all sampling events. An increase in the fishes' total fat content was also observed, but with low levels of ω-3 fatty acid in muscle tissue. Two bacterial taxa related to activated sludge were found in the intestines of fish from downstream. Our results show that Prachatice STP is a major source of PPCPs in the Zivny stream, which has biological consequences on fish physiology.
人们越来越关注污水处理厂 (STP) 废水对淡水生态系统健康的影响。在本研究中，设计了一种独特的方法来展示 STP 废水为主的溪流对在完全自然条件下暴露的本地野生棕色鳟鱼 (Salmo trutta L.) 的影响。Zivny 溪流位于捷克共和国南波希米亚州。Zivny 溪流的下游是一个受到 STP 影响的地点，其中 25%的水来自 Prachatice STP 废水。然而，上游是一个受污染较小的水域，被认为是对照点。从上游采集本地鱼类，标记并分发给上游和下游地点。30、90 和 180 天后，从两个地点重新捕获鱼类，以确定 Zivny 溪流的下游地点是否与环境污染的影响有关。研究了几种生物标志物，以指示氧化应激和抗氧化酶活性、细胞色素 P450 活性、外源性雌激素效应、细菌组成和脂质组成。此外，还使用极性有机化学综合采样器 (POCIS) 量化了极性化学污染物（药物和个人护理产品 (PPCPs)）。在下游地点检测到 53 种 PPCPs；其中 36 种在 180 天的调查期间一直存在。在所有采样事件中，在 STP 废水下游的鱼类中检测到肝 7-苄氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素-O-脱苄氧基酶 (BFCOD) 升高（90 天后）和雄性血液血浆卵黄蛋白原浓度升高。还观察到鱼类总脂肪含量增加，但肌肉组织中 ω-3 脂肪酸水平较低。在来自下游的鱼类肠道中发现了两种与活性污泥有关的细菌分类群。我们的研究结果表明，Prachatice STP 是 Zivny 溪流中 PPCPs 的主要来源，这对鱼类生理学有生物学影响。
