Cook A, Sheikh A
Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
Inj Prev. 2003 Sep;9(3):266-7. doi: 10.1136/ip.9.3.266.
In England the use of bicycle helmets remains low as debate continues about their effectiveness. Time trend studies have previously shown an inverse association between helmet wearing rates and hospital admissions for head injury, but data on helmet wearing are often sparse and admission rates vary for numerous reasons. For the period of this study comprehensive data on helmet wearing are available, and pedestrians are used as a control to monitor trends in admission. Among cyclists admitted to hospital, the percentage with head injury reduced from 27.9% (n = 3070) to 20.4% (n = 2154), as helmet wearing rose from 16.0% to 21.8%. Pedestrian head injury admissions also declined but by a significantly smaller amount. The wearing of a cycle helmet is estimated to prevent 60% of head injuries.
在英国，由于关于自行车头盔有效性的争论仍在继续，其使用率依然较低。此前的时间趋势研究表明，头盔佩戴率与头部受伤住院率之间呈负相关，但头盔佩戴数据往往稀少，且住院率因多种原因而有所不同。在本研究期间，可获取关于头盔佩戴的全面数据，并将行人作为对照来监测住院趋势。在因骑车受伤而住院的患者中，随着头盔佩戴率从16.0%升至21.8%，头部受伤患者的比例从27.9%（n = 3070）降至20.4%（n = 2154）。行人头部受伤住院率也有所下降，但降幅明显较小。据估计，佩戴自行车头盔可预防60%的头部受伤。
