Kumpfer Karol L, Alvarado Rose
Dept of Health Promotion & Education.
Am Psychol. 2003 Jun-Jul;58(6-7):457-465. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.6-7.457.
Effective parenting is the most powerful way to reduce adolescent problem behaviors. Dissemination of research-based family interventions has been slow, with most practitioners still implementing ineffective programs. This article reviews 2 federal studies that involved national searches for effective family interventions targeting pre-birth to adolescence: Preventing Substance Abuse Among Children and Adolescents: Family-Centered Approaches (Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, 1998) and Strengthening America's Families (R. Alvarado, K. L. Kumpfer, K. Kendall, S. Beesley, & C. Lee-Cavaness, 2000). Results identified 3 effective prevention approaches, 13 principles of effectiveness, and 35 programs. Recommendations include increased dissemination research on training and technical assistance systems, adoption with fidelity and quality, and gender-, age-, and culturally sensitive adaptations.
有效的育儿方式是减少青少年问题行为的最有力途径。基于研究的家庭干预措施的传播一直很缓慢，大多数从业者仍在实施无效的项目。本文回顾了两项联邦研究，这两项研究涉及在全国范围内寻找针对从出生前到青少年阶段的有效家庭干预措施：《预防儿童和青少年药物滥用：以家庭为中心的方法》（药物滥用预防中心，1998年）和《加强美国家庭》（R. 阿尔瓦拉多、K. L. 坎普弗、K. 肯德尔、S. 比斯利和C. 李 - 卡瓦内斯，2000年）。研究结果确定了三种有效的预防方法、十三条有效性原则和三十五个项目。建议包括加强关于培训和技术援助系统的传播研究、忠诚且高质量地采用这些措施，以及进行性别、年龄和文化敏感的调整。
