Bassalyk L S, Gus'kova N K, Pashintseva L P, Liubimova N V
Vopr Onkol. 1992;38(3):291-9.
The activity and isoenzyme profile of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline and acid phosphatase were studied in tumors of the tongue, cheek, oral floor, soft palate and palatine tonsils (n = 100), leukoplakia (n = 7) and in the oral mucosa at corresponding sites in healthy subjects (n = 66), to develop tests for early detection, monitoring and prognosis of oral cancer. Levels of alpha-amylase and acid phosphatase were measured in saliva and blood serum of patients with oral cancer and healthy subjects. The activity of LDH and alkaline and acid phosphatase in oral malignancies were 1.5-6 times that in normal mucosa, depending on tumor site. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile consisted in an increased level of M-subunits (LDH-4 and 5) and a decreased concentration of N-subunits (LDH-1 and 2). With regards to acid phosphatase, an increase in the activity of its tartrate-inhibited fraction was observed. An increase in LDH and alkaline phosphatase activity was registered for oral precancer (leukoplakia), too, although it was less pronounced than in cancer. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile matched those in cancer patients. A significant increase in the activity of alpha-amylase, acid phosphatase and the latter's tartrate-inhibited fraction was registered in saliva of oral cancer patients (86-96%). The credibility of enzyme activity measurement in saliva for evaluation of response and prognosis is discussed.
为了开发口腔癌早期检测、监测及预后的检测方法，对100例舌、颊、口底、软腭及腭扁桃体肿瘤患者、7例白斑患者以及66例健康受试者相应部位的口腔黏膜进行了乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性及同工酶谱研究。测定了口腔癌患者和健康受试者唾液及血清中的α淀粉酶和酸性磷酸酶水平。口腔恶性肿瘤中LDH、碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性是正常黏膜的1.5至6倍，具体取决于肿瘤部位。LDH同工酶谱的变化表现为M亚基（LDH - 4和5）水平升高，N亚基（LDH - 1和2）浓度降低。关于酸性磷酸酶，观察到其酒石酸抑制部分的活性增加。口腔癌前病变（白斑）中LDH和碱性磷酸酶活性也有所增加，尽管不如癌症中明显。LDH同工酶谱的变化与癌症患者的变化相符。口腔癌患者唾液中α淀粉酶、酸性磷酸酶及其酒石酸抑制部分的活性显著增加（86 - 96%）。讨论了唾液中酶活性测量用于评估反应和预后的可信度。
