Dubuisson J, Israel B A, Letchworth G J
Department of Virology-Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Belgium.
J Gen Virol. 1992 Aug;73 ( Pt 8):2031-9. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-73-8-2031.
We examined a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) glycoproteins gI, gIII and gIV for inhibition of virus attachment and interference with subsequent steps of infection. Attachment of radiolabelled virions was partially prevented by 600 to 700 micrograms/ml of IgM antibodies against gI and gIII and one IgG2A antibody against gIV, but not by the majority of MAbs against any of the three viral glycoproteins. Productive infection following attachment was prevented by lower concentrations of MAbs 5106 and 4807 against gI and by 0.7 to 5.5 micrograms/ml of all five MAbs against gIV. MAbs against gIV had almost the same activity whether added before or after BHV-1 was incubated with cells, suggesting that their principal activity is to prevent the penetration of virus through the cell membrane. The ability of polyethylene glycol to overcome neutralization by one anti-gIV MAb supported this concept, but an attempt to confirm this by direct electron microscopy failed. A bovine monospecific antiserum against gIV had approximately 10-fold more neutralizing activity against BHV-1 than did antisera against gI or gIII. Complement increased the activity of anti-gI and anti-gIII MAbs by 10- to 100-fold, but had little or no effect on neutralization by anti-gIV MAbs. Some antibodies against gI and gIV inhibited the enlargement of plaques in cell cultures. Taken together, these data suggest that MAbs against gIV are the principal agents of BHV-1 neutralization, and that these antibodies can be fully effective in areas such as the ocular and respiratory mucosae, from which complement is absent at the time of primary exposure to infection.
我们检测了一组针对牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV - 1）糖蛋白gI、gIII和gIV的单克隆抗体（MAb），以研究其对病毒附着的抑制作用以及对后续感染步骤的干扰。600至700微克/毫升针对gI和gIII的IgM抗体以及一种针对gIV的IgG2A抗体可部分阻止放射性标记病毒粒子的附着，但针对这三种病毒糖蛋白中任何一种的大多数MAb均无此作用。附着后，较低浓度的针对gI的MAb 5106和4807以及0.7至5.5微克/毫升的所有五种针对gIV的MAb可阻止感染的发生。无论在BHV - 1与细胞孵育之前还是之后添加，针对gIV的MAb都具有几乎相同的活性，这表明它们的主要作用是阻止病毒穿透细胞膜。聚乙二醇克服一种抗gIV MAb中和作用的能力支持了这一概念，但通过直接电子显微镜进行验证的尝试未成功。一种针对gIV的牛单特异性抗血清对BHV - 1的中和活性比对gI或gIII的抗血清高约10倍。补体可使抗gI和抗gIII MAb的活性提高10至100倍，但对抗gIV MAb的中和作用几乎没有影响。一些针对gI和gIV的抗体可抑制细胞培养物中噬斑的扩大。综上所述，这些数据表明针对gIV的MAb是BHV - 1中和的主要因子，并且这些抗体在眼部和呼吸道黏膜等初次接触感染时不存在补体的区域可能完全有效。
