Gabriel H, Schwarz L, Steffens G, Kindermann W
Institute of Sports and Performance Medicine, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Int J Sports Med. 1992 Jul;13(5):359-66. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1021281.
Sixteen subjects (male, age: 26.3 +/- 3.5 years, weight: 75.1 +/- 6.5 kg, maximal oxygen uptake: 53.6 +/- 6.7 ml.min-1.kg-1) performed endurance exercises at 100% (exhaustive), and 85% (limited) of the individual anaerobic threshold [IAT; workload (100% IAT): 3.00 +/- 0.50 W.kg-1, duration of both exercises: 87 +/- 21 min]. Before (b), immediately (0 p), 60 min (60 p), 120 min (120 p) and 24 hours (24 hp) after exercise, leucocyte subpopulations (flow cytometry) as well as epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, beta-endorphin and ACTH were determined. At 0 p, 60 p and 120 p, granulocytes were significantly higher at 100% IAT than at 85% IAT, lymphocytes and monocytes did not differ. At 60 p and 120 p, granulocytes had highest, lymphocytes lowest values. CD8(+)- and CD16(+)-lymphocytes showed greater changes than CD3(+)-, CD4(+)-, CD19(+)-lymphocytes and were significantly higher at 100% IAT than at 85% IAT (0 p). Epinephrine and norepinephrine were significantly higher at 100% IAT than at 85% IAT. Cortisol, ACTH and beta-endorphin increased at 100% IAT, but not at 85% IAT (0 p). Significant correlations were calculated for cortisol (0 p) versus granulocytes (60 p, 120 p) at 100% IAT. Epinephrine did not correlate to increases of lymphocytes or lymphocyte subpopulations. In conclusion, increases of granulocytes, CD16(+)- and CD8(+)-lymphocytes are dependent on the intensity of endurance exercises and precise definition of the individual workload is important. The increase of granulocytes after exercise is partly due to increased levels of cortisol. Increased cell numbers of lymphocytes, especially CD16(+)-cells, did not correlate to increased levels of catecholamines.
16名受试者（男性，年龄：26.3±3.5岁，体重：75.1±6.5kg，最大摄氧量：53.6±6.7ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹）分别以个体无氧阈（IAT）的100%（力竭）和85%（受限）进行耐力运动[IAT时的工作量（100%IAT）：3.00±0.50W·kg⁻¹，两种运动的持续时间：87±21分钟]。在运动前（b）、运动即刻（0p）、运动后60分钟（60p）、120分钟（120p）和24小时（24hp），测定白细胞亚群（流式细胞术）以及肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、皮质醇、β-内啡肽和促肾上腺皮质激素。在0p、60p和120p时，100%IAT时的粒细胞显著高于85%IAT时，淋巴细胞和单核细胞无差异。在60p和120p时，粒细胞值最高，淋巴细胞值最低。CD8⁺和CD16⁺淋巴细胞的变化大于CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD19⁺淋巴细胞，且在100%IAT时显著高于85%IAT（0p）。100%IAT时的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素显著高于85%IAT时。皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素和β-内啡肽在100%IAT时升高，但在85%IAT时未升高（0p）。在100%IAT时，计算了皮质醇（0p）与粒细胞（60p、120p）之间的显著相关性。肾上腺素与淋巴细胞或淋巴细胞亚群的增加无相关性。总之，粒细胞、CD16⁺和CD8⁺淋巴细胞的增加取决于耐力运动的强度，准确界定个体工作量很重要。运动后粒细胞的增加部分归因于皮质醇水平的升高。淋巴细胞尤其是CD16⁺细胞数量的增加与儿茶酚胺水平的升高无相关性。
