Kargotich S, Keast D, Goodman C, Crawford G P, Morton A R
Department of Microbiology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands.
Int J Sports Med. 1997 Jul;18(5):373-80. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972649.
The effect that exercise induced blood volume (BV) changes may have on the concentrations of leucocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations following exercise is controversial. Eight nationally ranked swimmers undertook 15 x 100 m swimming intervals (ITS) at 70% and 95% of maximal exercise intensity separated by 2 min recovery periods. Venous blood samples were collected prior to exercise (PRE), immediately post exercise (POST) and at 30, 60, 120 and 150-min post exercise. Control samples were taken on a rest day (R). Only the 95% ITS induced a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in PV (-7.3 +/- 1.1%) and BV (-4.0 +/- 0.6%) POST as calculated according to changes in haemoglobin and haematocrit. Total leucocyte and subset numbers (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes), with the exception of eosinophils, increased significantly (p < 0.01) POST following the 95% ITS, and total leucocyte and neutrophils remained elevated (30% and 114% respectively) (p < 0.01) while lymphocytes progressively decreased by 36% (p < 0.01) at 150-min after exercise. The 70% ITS elicited a decrease (30%) (p < 0.01) only in lymphocyte cell numbers at 60 and 120-min post exercise. The 95% ITS induced significant increases (p < 0.01) in most lymphocyte cell subsets [CD19+ (27%); CD16+ (525%); CD16+ CD25+ (58%); CD4+ (48%); CD8+ (65%)] POST, with a significant reduction (32%) (p < 0.01) in the CD4+:CD8+ lymphocyte ratio. Numbers of CD19+; CD16+; CD5+; CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, while not significantly changed POST following the 70% ITS, were significantly depressed (p < 0.01) during the recovery period. No significant changes were seen in leucocyte or lymphocyte subset numbers during R. All measured leucocyte and lymphocyte subset cell numbers at each ITS were corrected for changes in BV, and there were no significant differences between measured or BV corrected values for any of the cell populations at either of the ITS. Results suggest that while high intensity swimming exercise stress caused significant changes in the numbers and proportions of leucocytes, lymphocytes and their sub-classes, BV changes did not contribute significantly to the changes which occurred. The cell changes therefore, were truly representative of cell movements into and out of the peripheral blood circulation.
运动引起的血容量（BV）变化对运动后白细胞和淋巴细胞亚群浓度的影响存在争议。八名全国排名的游泳运动员以最大运动强度的70%和95%进行了15组100米游泳间歇（ITS），每组间歇2分钟恢复时间。在运动前（PRE）、运动后即刻（POST）以及运动后30、60、120和150分钟采集静脉血样本。在休息日（R）采集对照样本。根据血红蛋白和血细胞比容的变化计算，仅95% ITS运动后即刻导致血浆量（PV）显著降低（p < 0.01）（-7.3 +/- 1.1%）和血容量（BV）显著降低（-4.0 +/- 0.6%）。95% ITS运动后即刻，除嗜酸性粒细胞外，总白细胞和各亚群数量（中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞）显著增加（p < 0.01），运动后150分钟时，总白细胞和中性粒细胞仍保持升高（分别升高30%和114%）（p < 0.01），而淋巴细胞逐渐减少36%（p < 0.01）。70% ITS仅在运动后60和120分钟时导致淋巴细胞数量减少（30%）（p < 0.01）。95% ITS运动后即刻，大多数淋巴细胞亚群显著增加（p < 0.01）[CD19+（27%）；CD16+（525%）；CD16+ CD25+（58%）；CD4+（48%）；CD8+（65%）]，CD4+:CD8+淋巴细胞比值显著降低（32%）（p < 0.01）。70% ITS运动后即刻，CD19+、CD16+、CD5+、CD4+和CD8+淋巴细胞数量虽无显著变化，但在恢复期间显著降低（p < 0.01）。在休息日期间，白细胞或淋巴细胞亚群数量无显著变化。对每个ITS时所有测量的白细胞和淋巴细胞亚群细胞数量进行血容量变化校正，在任何一个ITS时，任何细胞群体的测量值或血容量校正值之间均无显著差异。结果表明，虽然高强度游泳运动应激导致白细胞、淋巴细胞及其亚类的数量和比例发生显著变化，但血容量变化对所发生的变化没有显著贡献。因此，细胞变化真正代表了细胞进出外周血液循环的移动情况。
