Mayordomo F, Renau-Piqueras J, Megias L, Guerri C, Iborra F J, Azorin I, Ledig M
Centro Investigación, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Int J Dev Biol. 1992 Jun;36(2):311-21.
This study has investigated the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on the qualitative and quantitative ultrastructure of proliferating and differentiated astrocytes in primary cultures as well as on the cytochemical activity of several subcellular phosphatase markers, including acid phosphatase, uridine diphosphatase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and glucose-6-phosphatase. The astrocytes were obtained from 21-day-fetuses of both control and alcohol-fed rats. Our results show that several cell components, such as mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, exhibit qualitative and/or quantitative ultrastructural changes during the process of astrocyte maturation. In some cases these morphological changes are accompanied by variations in the cytochemical activity of enzymes located in these and other cell components, suggesting that these enzymes, and therefore the functional state of these organelles, are modulated during astrocyte development. When prenatally exposed to ethanol, both proliferating and differentiated astrocytes showed striking ultrastructural alterations compared with controls, including an increment of lysosomes as well as a decrease in the values of stereological parameters relative to mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cytochemical analysis of these cells indicates that prenatal exposure to ethanol decreased the activities of all the enzymes tested, except for acid phosphatase, which was increased in both groups of treated astrocytes. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to ethanol could affect astrocytes during development in two different but probably complementary ways: a) by causing a delay in astrocyte maturation and, b) by inducing a direct toxic effect on these cells.
本研究调查了产前酒精暴露对原代培养中增殖和分化的星形胶质细胞的定性和定量超微结构的影响，以及对几种亚细胞磷酸酶标志物（包括酸性磷酸酶、尿苷二磷酸酶、硫胺素焦磷酸酶、5'-核苷酸酶和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶）的细胞化学活性的影响。星形胶质细胞取自对照大鼠和酒精喂养大鼠的21天胎儿。我们的结果表明，在星形胶质细胞成熟过程中，线粒体、粗面内质网和溶酶体等几种细胞成分表现出定性和/或定量的超微结构变化。在某些情况下，这些形态学变化伴随着位于这些和其他细胞成分中的酶的细胞化学活性的变化，这表明这些酶以及这些细胞器的功能状态在星形胶质细胞发育过程中受到调节。当产前暴露于乙醇时，与对照组相比，增殖和分化的星形胶质细胞均表现出明显的超微结构改变，包括溶酶体增加以及相对于线粒体、粗面内质网和高尔基体的体视学参数值降低。对这些细胞的细胞化学分析表明，产前暴露于乙醇会降低所有测试酶的活性，但酸性磷酸酶除外，在两组处理的星形胶质细胞中酸性磷酸酶均增加。这些结果表明，产前暴露于乙醇可能以两种不同但可能互补的方式影响发育中的星形胶质细胞：a）通过导致星形胶质细胞成熟延迟，b）通过对这些细胞诱导直接毒性作用。
