Hayoz D, Tardy Y, Perret F, Waeber B, Meister J J, Brunner H R
Hypertension Division, University Hospitals CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Hypertens Suppl. 1992 Jul;10(5):S95-100.
A new non-invasive ultrasonic device was developed to characterize the biomechanical properties of medium and large peripheral arteries. Simultaneous recordings of internal diameter and blood pressure over the whole cardiac cycle are used to establish compliance-pressure curves. Since blood pressure, which is an inherent co-determinant of arterial compliance, is taken into account, the comparison of arteries from patients with markedly different blood pressures has become possible. In a first study, the effects of three different antihypertensive drugs (20 mg lisinopril, 100 mg atenolol, 20 mg nitrendipine administered once a day) on arterial compliance and distensibility were investigated in young healthy volunteers.
After 8 days of treatment, lisinopril induced a significant increase in arterial compliance. Subsequently, we compared the mechanical behaviour of arteries from newly diagnosed hypertensive patients (radial artery) or the carotid artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with that of corresponding arteries in normotensive counterparts. No decrease in arterial distensibility was found in the hypertensive groups over the measured blood pressure range. This result is not totally consistent with previous in vitro or in situ localized studies. Methodological differences, the absence of blood flow and/or denervation may partly explain these contradictory results. Finally, we tested the effects of hydralazine (5 mg/day) and captopril (25 mg/day), administered for 6 weeks in drinking water, on the behaviour of the carotid arteries of 16-week-old SHR. The two drugs effectively reduced blood pressure while shifting the distensibility-pressure curves upward in comparison to the placebo-treated animals, suggesting an improvement in arterial compliance.
While hypertension does not itself appear to alter the elastic behaviour of large peripheral arteries, antihypertensive treatment may increase the compliance of these blood vessels.
开发了一种新型非侵入性超声设备，用于表征中大型外周动脉的生物力学特性。在整个心动周期中同步记录内径和血压，以建立顺应性-压力曲线。由于考虑了血压这一动脉顺应性的内在共同决定因素，因此可以对血压明显不同的患者的动脉进行比较。在第一项研究中，在年轻健康志愿者中研究了三种不同降压药物（每天一次服用20毫克赖诺普利、100毫克阿替洛尔、20毫克尼群地平）对动脉顺应性和扩张性的影响。
治疗8天后，赖诺普利使动脉顺应性显著增加。随后，我们将新诊断高血压患者的动脉（桡动脉）或自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）的颈动脉的力学行为与血压正常的相应动脉进行了比较。在测量的血压范围内，高血压组未发现动脉扩张性降低。这一结果与先前的体外或原位局部研究并不完全一致。方法学差异、无血流和/或去神经支配可能部分解释了这些矛盾的结果。最后，我们测试了在饮用水中给予肼屈嗪（5毫克/天）和卡托普利（25毫克/天）6周对16周龄SHR颈动脉行为的影响。与安慰剂治疗的动物相比，这两种药物有效降低了血压，同时使扩张性-压力曲线向上移动，表明动脉顺应性有所改善。
虽然高血压本身似乎不会改变大型外周动脉的弹性行为，但降压治疗可能会增加这些血管的顺应性。
