Foxwell B M, Barrett K, Feldmann M
Charing Cross Sunley Research Centre, London, UK.
Clin Exp Immunol. 1992 Nov;90(2):161-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb07922.x.
In the past 2-3 years, a number of cytokine receptors have been partly characterized and the cDNAs for the ligand binding chains cloned. This has revealed that cytokine receptors are complex. Many are known to be multichain receptors (e.g. IL-2) and since their mechanism of signal transduction is not obvious, it is likely that other proteins yet to be defined take part in the signalling process. The cloning of the receptor ligand binding chain has revealed that (unlike cytokines), there are major families of receptors. Some are members of the Ig supergene family (e.g. IL-1 receptor), others are members of the nerve growth factor receptor family (e.g. TNF), but the majority are members of the haematopoietic growth factor family (e.g. IL-3, GM-CSF). Yet other cytokine receptors do not belong to a family, e.g. IFN-gamma.
在过去两到三年里，一些细胞因子受体已得到部分表征，并且已克隆出配体结合链的cDNA。这表明细胞因子受体很复杂。许多已知是多链受体（如白细胞介素-2），由于其信号转导机制并不明显，很可能还有其他尚未明确的蛋白质参与信号传导过程。受体配体结合链的克隆表明（与细胞因子不同），存在主要的受体家族。有些是免疫球蛋白超基因家族的成员（如白细胞介素-1受体），其他是神经生长因子受体家族的成员（如肿瘤坏死因子），但大多数是造血生长因子家族的成员（如白细胞介素-3、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子）。还有其他细胞因子受体不属于任何家族，如干扰素-γ。
