Payne L N, Gillespie A M, Howes K
AFRC Institute for Animal Health, Houghton Laboratory, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Leukemia. 1992 Nov;6(11):1167-76.
The HPRS-103 strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV) was isolated recently from meat-type chickens and represents a new envelope subgroup. Its oncogenicity has been studied in three meat-type and five Leghorn strains of chickens. In the meat-type strains, the virus, following embryonal inoculation, induced an overall incidence of 27% myelocytic myeloid leukosis (myelocytomatosis) and 12% renal adenomas, with long median latent periods. Amongst the Leghorn lines, these tumors occurred with similar incidence in line 0, but with lower or zero incidences in the other lines. A variety of other tumours occurred with low incidence. Embryonal infection resulted in a permanently tolerant viraemic state with shedding of ALV group specific (gs)-antigen to egg albumen; contact infection resulted mainly in the development of non-shedder birds with serum virus-neutralising antibodies. Contact infection in a meat-type line was associated with the development of transient or permanent viraemia in some birds, and a low tumour incidence. A viraemic phase was not detected following contact infection in a Leghorn line and no tumours developed. The long latent period between embryo infection and tumour mortality, apparently differing from the consequences of infection with acutely transforming ALVs, and the inability of HPRS-103 ALV to transform cultured bone marrow cells, suggests that this virus may lack a viral oncogene and exert its oncogenic properties by some other mechanism such as promoter insertion activation of a cellular oncogene.
禽白血病病毒（ALV）的HPRS - 103毒株最近从肉用型鸡中分离出来，代表一个新的包膜亚群。已在三个肉用型和五个来航鸡品系的鸡中研究了其致癌性。在肉用型品系中，经胚胎接种后，该病毒诱发骨髓细胞性骨髓白血病（骨髓细胞瘤病）的总发病率为27%，肾腺瘤的发病率为12%，中位潜伏期长。在来航鸡品系中，0系中这些肿瘤的发病率相似，但在其他品系中发病率较低或为零。其他多种肿瘤的发病率较低。胚胎感染导致一种永久性耐受的病毒血症状态，ALV群特异性（gs）抗原会排到蛋清中；接触感染主要导致产生具有血清病毒中和抗体的不排毒鸟类。肉用型品系中的接触感染与一些鸟类出现短暂或永久性病毒血症以及低肿瘤发病率有关。来航鸡品系经接触感染后未检测到病毒血症阶段，也未发生肿瘤。胚胎感染与肿瘤致死之间的长潜伏期，显然不同于急性转化型ALV感染的后果，并且HPRS - 103 ALV无法转化培养的骨髓细胞，这表明该病毒可能缺乏病毒癌基因，并通过其他机制发挥其致癌特性，如通过启动子插入激活细胞癌基因。
