Balayan M S
Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia.
Vaccine. 1992;10 Suppl 1:S27-31. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(92)90537-t.
The host range for hepatitis A virus (HAV) is limited to man and several species of non-human primates, and involvement of vertebrates other than primates in HAV circulation is unlikely. Spontaneous hepatitis A infection has been reported to occur in captive non-human primates including the great apes (chimpanzee) as well as Old World (cynomolgus, African vervet, stump-tailed) and New World (aotus) monkeys. The presence of anti-HAV antibody in the sera of newly captured monkeys of these species shows that infection may also spread in their natural habitat. HAVs isolated from spontaneously infected monkeys, although antigenically closely related to human HAV, exhibit a significant degree of genomic heterogeneity. There are at least four distinct simian HAVs differing from each other and from all human HAV strains. It is suggested that each virus is native to a given species reflecting evolutionary relationships among HAVs and their hosts in the order of Primates.
甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）的宿主范围仅限于人类和几种非人类灵长类动物，灵长类动物以外的脊椎动物不太可能参与HAV的传播。据报道，圈养的非人类灵长类动物，包括大猩猩（黑猩猩）以及旧世界猴（食蟹猴、非洲绿猴、 stump-tailed猴）和新世界猴（夜猴）会发生自发性甲型肝炎感染。这些物种新捕获猴子的血清中存在抗HAV抗体，表明感染也可能在其自然栖息地传播。从自发感染猴子中分离出的HAV，虽然在抗原性上与人类HAV密切相关，但表现出显著程度的基因组异质性。至少有四种不同的猿猴HAV，它们彼此不同，也与所有人类HAV毒株不同。有人认为，每种病毒都原产于特定物种，反映了灵长目动物中HAV与其宿主之间的进化关系。
