Witschi A, Reddy S, Stofer B, Lauterburg B H
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;43(6):667-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02284971.
When the plasma glutathione concentration is low, such as in patients with HIV infection, alcoholics, and patients with cirrhosis, increasing the availability of circulating glutathione by oral administration might be of therapeutic benefit. To assess the feasibility of supplementing oral glutathione we have determined the systemic availability of glutathione in 7 healthy volunteers. The basal concentrations of glutathione, cysteine, and glutamate in plasma were 6.2, 8.3, and 54 mumol.l-1 respectively. During the 270 min after the administration of glutathione in a dose of 0.15 mmol.kg-1 the concentrations of glutathione, cysteine, and glutamate in plasma did not increase significantly, suggesting that the systemic availability of glutathione is negligible in man. Because of hydrolysis of glutathione by intestinal and hepatic gamma-glutamyltransferase, dietary glutathione is not a major determinant of circulating glutathione, and it is not possible to increase circulating glutathione to a clinically beneficial extent by the oral administration of a single dose of 3 g of glutathione.
当血浆谷胱甘肽浓度较低时，如在HIV感染患者、酗酒者和肝硬化患者中，通过口服给药增加循环谷胱甘肽的可用性可能具有治疗益处。为了评估补充口服谷胱甘肽的可行性，我们测定了7名健康志愿者体内谷胱甘肽的全身可用性。血浆中谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸和谷氨酸的基础浓度分别为6.2、8.3和54μmol·L⁻¹。在以0.15 mmol·kg⁻¹的剂量给予谷胱甘肽后的270分钟内，血浆中谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸和谷氨酸的浓度没有显著增加，这表明谷胱甘肽在人体内的全身可用性可忽略不计。由于肠道和肝脏的γ-谷氨酰转移酶会使谷胱甘肽水解，膳食中的谷胱甘肽不是循环谷胱甘肽的主要决定因素，并且通过口服单剂量3 g谷胱甘肽不可能将循环谷胱甘肽增加到临床有益的程度。
