Lou Z, Yang W J
Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1992;19(6):455-93.
Hemodynamics has long been suspected of being involved in arterial diseases, e.g., atherosclerosis. Seemingly good correlation between the atherosclerosis localization and the flow disturbance around bends and bifurcations in large arteries has prompted many studies of blood flow around those regions. This article reviews and critiques biofluid studies at various arterial bifurcations. Both experimental and theoretical models vary greatly in the major assumptions and parameters. The issues discussed include: possible errors from two-dimensional models, the validity of steady flow studies, the existence and influence of the secondary flow, effects of non-Newtonian blood rheology, influences from arterial wall distensibility, effects of the Reynolds number, effects of the area ratio, effects of the Womersley number, effects of corner curvatures, effects of bifurcation angle, errors in the measurement and calculation of wall shear rate, and the possible existence of turbulence.
长期以来，人们一直怀疑血液动力学与动脉疾病有关，例如动脉粥样硬化。动脉粥样硬化的发生部位与大动脉中弯道和分支周围的血流紊乱之间似乎具有良好的相关性，这促使人们对这些区域周围的血流进行了许多研究。本文回顾并评论了在各种动脉分支处进行的生物流体研究。实验模型和理论模型在主要假设和参数方面有很大差异。讨论的问题包括：二维模型可能存在的误差、稳流研究的有效性、二次流的存在及其影响、非牛顿血液流变学的影响、动脉壁可扩张性的影响、雷诺数的影响、面积比的影响、沃默斯利数的影响、拐角曲率的影响、分支角度的影响、壁面剪切率测量和计算中的误差，以及湍流可能的存在。
