Okai T, Kozuma S, Shinozuka N, Kuwabara Y, Mizuno M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Early Hum Dev. 1992 Jun-Jul;29(1-3):391-6. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(92)90198-p.
We observed fetal behavior by using three ultrasonic real-time scanners simultaneously in 30 normal pregnant women between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation and analyzed developmental changes in behavioral pattern focussing the attention on the characteristics of REM and non-REM sleep and wakeful state. The frequency of REM significantly increased with gestational age, and its occurrences formed a group in late pregnancy. REM and non-REM periods, which were defined as the phase with uninterrupted appearance of rapid eye movements and the phase without them over 3 min, respectively, became clearly distinguishable between 28 and 31 weeks of gestation. The correlation between the occurrence of rapid eye movements and breathing movements was high after 27 weeks. These results demonstrate the course of the development of sleep-wakefulness cycle in the human fetus.
我们使用三台超声实时扫描仪同时观察了30名妊娠20至40周的正常孕妇的胎儿行为，并分析了行为模式的发育变化，重点关注快速眼动（REM）和非快速眼动睡眠以及清醒状态的特征。快速眼动的频率随孕周显著增加，其出现情况在妊娠晚期形成一组。分别被定义为快速眼动不间断出现阶段和超过3分钟无快速眼动阶段的快速眼动期和非快速眼动期，在妊娠28至31周之间变得明显可区分。27周后，快速眼动的出现与呼吸运动之间的相关性很高。这些结果证明了人类胎儿睡眠-觉醒周期的发育过程。
