Paolisso G, Di Maro G, Pizza G, D'Amore A, Sgambato S, Tesauro P, Varricchio M, D'Onofrio F
Department of Geriatric Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Medical School, University of Naples, Italy.
Am J Physiol. 1992 Sep;263(3 Pt 1):E435-40. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.3.E435.
In healthy subjects (n = 10) and non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetics (n = 10) matched for age [43.1 +/- 2.2 vs. 41 +/- 4.4 yr, P = not significant (NS)], body mass index (25.1 +/- 1.1 vs. 26 +/- 0.8 kg/m2, P = NS), gender ratio [5 males (M)/5 females (F) vs. 5M/5F], and mean arterial blood pressure (105 +/- 7 vs. 106 +/- 9 mmHg, P = NS), we determined the changes in insulin secretion and action after glutathione infusion (15 mg/min) and the relative increase in the plasma reduced (GSH)/oxidized (GSSG) glutathione ratio. The rise in the plasma GSH/GSSG ratio significantly improved total body glucose disposal in healthy subjects and in diabetic patients. In this latter group, GSH infusion potentiated the beta-cell response to glucose slightly. In controls and diabetics, insulin infusion with a simultaneous increase in the plasma GSH/GSSG ratio significantly enhanced nonoxidative glucose disposal without affecting oxidative glucose metabolism. After glutathione infusion, all metabolic and hormonal changes correlated with a significant decline in plasma membrane microviscosity. In conclusion, the plasma GSH/GSSG ratio seems to play a major role in the modulation of glucose homeostasis mainly in diabetics.
在年龄匹配（43.1±2.2岁 vs. 41±4.4岁，P = 无显著差异（NS））、体重指数匹配（25.1±1.1 vs. 26±0.8 kg/m²，P = NS）、性别比例匹配（5名男性/5名女性 vs. 5名男性/5名女性）以及平均动脉血压匹配（105±7 vs. 106±9 mmHg，P = NS）的健康受试者（n = 10）和非胰岛素依赖型（II型）糖尿病患者（n = 10）中，我们测定了谷胱甘肽输注（15 mg/min）后胰岛素分泌和作用的变化以及血浆还原型（GSH）/氧化型（GSSG）谷胱甘肽比率的相对增加。血浆GSH/GSSG比率的升高显著改善了健康受试者和糖尿病患者的全身葡萄糖处理。在糖尿病患者组中，GSH输注略微增强了β细胞对葡萄糖的反应。在对照组和糖尿病患者中，胰岛素输注同时血浆GSH/GSSG比率增加显著增强了非氧化葡萄糖处理，而不影响氧化葡萄糖代谢。谷胱甘肽输注后，所有代谢和激素变化均与质膜微粘度的显著下降相关。总之，血浆GSH/GSSG比率似乎在主要在糖尿病患者中调节葡萄糖稳态方面起主要作用。
