使用插图来提高老年人对健康相关信息的理解：它是否有帮助？
The use of illustration to improve older adults' comprehension of health-related information: is it helpful?
机构信息
Department of Occupational Therapy, Indiana University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5199, USA.
出版信息
Patient Educ Couns. 2009 Aug;76(2):283-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.01.013. Epub 2009 Mar 14.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether explanatory illustrations can improve older adults' comprehension of written health information.
METHODS
Six short health-related texts were selected from websites and pamphlets. Young and older adults were randomly assigned to read health-related texts alone or texts accompanied by explanatory illustrations. Eye movements were recorded while reading. Word recognition, text comprehension, and comprehension of the illustrations were assessed after reading.
RESULTS
Older adults performed as well as or better than young adults on the word recognition and text comprehension measures. However, older adults performed less well than young adults on the illustration comprehension measures. Analysis of readers' eye movements showed that older adults spent more time reading illustration-related phrases and fixating on the illustrations than did young adults, yet had poorer comprehension of the illustrations.
CONCLUSION
Older adults might not benefit from text illustrations because illustrations can be difficult to integrate with the text.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Health practitioners should not assume that illustrations will increase older adults' comprehension of health information.
目的
研究说明性插图是否可以提高老年人对书面健康信息的理解。
方法
从网站和宣传册中选择了六篇简短的与健康相关的文本。将年轻和老年成年人随机分配阅读单独的健康相关文本或带有说明性插图的文本。阅读时记录眼动。阅读后评估单词识别、文本理解和插图理解。
结果
在单词识别和文本理解测试中，老年人的表现与年轻人一样好或更好。然而，在插图理解测试中，老年人的表现不如年轻人。对读者眼动的分析表明，老年人阅读插图相关短语和注视插图的时间多于年轻人，但对插图的理解却较差。
结论
老年人可能无法从文本插图中受益，因为插图可能难以与文本结合。
实践意义
健康从业者不应假设插图会增加老年人对健康信息的理解。
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