ROSS R, BENDITT E P
J Cell Biol. 1964 Aug;22(2):365-89. doi: 10.1083/jcb.22.2.365.
The changes in scorbutic wounds following the administration of ascorbic acid have been investigated using the techniques of electron microscopy, histochemistry, and autoradioggraphy. Particular attention has been paid to the changes seen in the endoplasmic reticulum of the fibroblasts and to the identity of the extracellular filamentous material characteristic of scorbutic wounds. Seven-day-old wounds in scorbutic guinea pigs were examined prior to and from one to 72 hours following the administration of vitamin C. Fibroblasts from wounds of normal animals demonstrate a characteristic configuration of the ribosomes of the endoplasmic reticulum which is suggested to be analogous to polyribosomes described in cells synthesizing protein such as the reticulocyte. Tangential views of the membranes of the ergastoplasm show the ribosomes to be grouped in paired rows which take both straight and curved paths. This configuration is lost in scurvy and can be seen to begin to reappear as early as 4 hours after giving ascorbic acid. With increasing time, the morphology of the ribosomal aggregates approximates that seen in normal cells, so that by 24 hours their reorientation is complete. It is suggested that one of the disturbances in scurvy may relate to an alteration either in messenger RNA, in the ability of the ribosomes to relate to the messenger, or in the membranes of the ergastoplasm. In addition, the lack of formation of hydroxyamino acids necessary for completing collagen synthesis may be related to the architecture of the ribosomal aggregates. Extracellular collagen fibrils appear concomitant with the restoration of ribosomal and ergastoplasmic morphology as early as 12 hours after administration of ascorbic acid, with complete disappearance of the scorbutic extracellular material within 24 hours. Observations of this scorbutic material do not support the concept that it is a collagen precursor.
利用电子显微镜、组织化学和放射自显影技术，对给予抗坏血酸后坏血病伤口的变化进行了研究。特别关注了成纤维细胞内质网中所见的变化以及坏血病伤口特有的细胞外丝状物质的特性。在给予维生素C之前以及给予后1至72小时，对坏血病豚鼠7日龄的伤口进行了检查。正常动物伤口的成纤维细胞内质网核糖体呈现出一种特征性构型，这种构型被认为类似于在合成蛋白质的细胞（如网织红细胞）中描述的多核糖体。内质网的膜的切线视图显示核糖体成排成对聚集，呈直线和曲线排列。这种构型在坏血病中消失，在给予抗坏血酸后4小时就可观察到开始重新出现。随着时间推移，核糖体聚集体的形态逐渐接近正常细胞中的形态，到24小时时其重新排列完成。有人认为，坏血病中的一种紊乱可能与信使核糖核酸、核糖体与信使结合的能力或内质网的膜的改变有关。此外，完成胶原蛋白合成所需的羟氨基酸缺乏的形成可能与核糖体聚集体的结构有关。细胞外胶原纤维最早在给予抗坏血酸后12小时随着核糖体和内质网形态的恢复而出现，坏血病细胞外物质在24小时内完全消失。对这种坏血病物质的观察并不支持它是胶原前体的概念。
