Karr C, Demers P, Costa L G, Daniell W E, Barnhart S, Miller M, Gallagher G, Horstman S W, Eaton D, Rosenstock L
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98014.
Environ Res. 1992 Oct;59(1):229-37. doi: 10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80242-7.
As part of a study to investigate the potential for organophosphates to cause chronic neurologic sequelae, we assessed the pesticide exposure experience of a group of Washington State apple orchard applicators. Seasonal monitoring of cholinesterase activity for 48 regular organophosphate applicators and a control group of 40 slaughterhouse workers was performed. A subset of the pesticide applicators participated in an in-depth exposure assessment. This involved observation of spraying activities during 1 spray day, as well as cholinesterase monitoring and dermal exposure assessment using a fluorescent tracer in the pesticide formulation. Comparison of seasonal red blood cell cholinesterase change in pesticide workers according to exposure level, characterized by frequency of pesticide spraying and protective equipment use, showed lower cholinesterase levels among higher exposed groups compared to lesser exposed groups. In-depth exposure assessment revealed exposure primarily on the head and hand regions. Subclinical changes (less than 15% inhibition) in red cell cholinesterase correlated well with dermal exposure calculations. This study suggests that cholinesterase monitoring may be a useful biological marker for even subclinical organophosphate pesticide effects.
作为一项调查有机磷酸酯导致慢性神经后遗症可能性的研究的一部分，我们评估了一组华盛顿州苹果园施药人员的农药接触经历。对48名常规使用有机磷酸酯的施药人员以及40名屠宰场工人组成的对照组进行了胆碱酯酶活性的季节性监测。一部分农药施药人员参与了深入的接触评估。这包括在1个喷药日观察喷雾作业，以及使用农药制剂中的荧光示踪剂进行胆碱酯酶监测和皮肤接触评估。根据农药喷洒频率和防护设备使用情况所表征的接触水平，比较农药作业工人季节性红细胞胆碱酯酶变化，结果显示，高接触组的胆碱酯酶水平低于低接触组。深入接触评估显示，接触主要发生在头部和手部区域。红细胞胆碱酯酶的亚临床变化（抑制率低于15%）与皮肤接触计算结果密切相关。这项研究表明，即使对于有机磷酸酯农药的亚临床效应，胆碱酯酶监测也可能是一种有用的生物学标志物。
