Zinn R A
Department of Animal Science, University of California, El Centro 92243.
J Anim Sci. 1992 Oct;70(10):2959-69. doi: 10.2527/1992.70102959x.
One hundred thirty crossbred steers (324 kg) were used in a 121-d comparative slaughter trial to evaluate the feeding value of fat in steam-flaked corn- (SFC) or wheat- (SFW) based diets. Treatments consisted of an 88% concentrate finishing diet containing 1) SFC, no fat; 2) SFC, 6% yellow grease (YG); 3) SFC, 6% cottonseed oil soapstock (COS); 4) SFW, no fat; 5) SFW, 6% YG; and 6) SFW, 6% COS. There were no interactions (P greater than .10) between grain type and performance response to supplemental fat. Fat supplementation increased (P less than .05) ADG by 7.3% and decreased (P less than .01) DMI/gain by 10.6%. Fat supplementation decreased (P less than .05) ruminal OM digestion by 5% and net flow of microbial N to the small intestine by 14.5% but did not affect (P greater than .10) total tract digestion of OM, ADF, or starch. Substituting SFW for SFC did not influence (P greater than .10) ADG but tended (P greater than .10) to increase DMI/gain and decreased (P less than .05) the NEm and NEg of the diet by 3.4 and 4.3%, respectively. Ruminal OM digestion was similar (P greater than .10) for SFC and SFW. Flow of microbial N to the small intestine was 12% greater (P less than .05) with SFW. Total tract digestibilities of OM and starch were similar (P greater than .10) for both grains. However, ADF digestion was lower (34%, P less than .01) with SFW. It is concluded that the feeding value of supplemental fat is similar for wheat- and corn-based finishing diets. The performance response to supplemental YG and COS was similar. The NEm and NEg values of YG were 6.35 and 4.93 Mcal/kg, respectively, whereas the corresponding values for COS were 5.69 and 4.60 Mcal/kg. Supplementation of growing-finishing diets with up to 6% (.45 kilograms/day) of fat did not directly influence body composition. The NE value of SFW was approximately 96% of the value of SFC.
130头杂交阉牛（体重324千克）被用于一项为期121天的比较屠宰试验，以评估蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）或小麦（SFW）基础日粮中脂肪的饲喂价值。试验处理包括一种88%精料育肥日粮，其中含有：1）SFC，无脂肪；2）SFC，6%黄色油脂（YG）；3）SFC，6%棉籽油皂脚（COS）；4）SFW，无脂肪；5）SFW，6% YG；6）SFW，6% COS。谷物类型与补充脂肪的性能反应之间不存在交互作用（P大于0.10）。补充脂肪使平均日增重（ADG）提高了7.3%（P小于0.05），使干物质采食量/增重（DMI/gain）降低了10.6%（P小于0.01）。补充脂肪使瘤胃有机物质消化率降低了5%（P小于0.05），使微生物氮向小肠的净流量降低了14.5%，但对有机物质、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）或淀粉的全消化道消化率没有影响（P大于0.10）。用SFW替代SFC对ADG没有影响（P大于0.10），但有提高DMI/gain的趋势（P大于0.10），并使日粮的维持净能（NEm）和增重净能（NEg）分别降低了3.4%和4.3%（P小于0.05）。SFC和SFW的瘤胃有机物质消化率相似（P大于0.10）。SFW使微生物氮向小肠的流量高出12%（P小于0.05）。两种谷物的有机物质和淀粉的全消化道消化率相似（P大于0.10）。然而，SFW的ADF消化率较低（34%，P小于0.01）。得出的结论是，补充脂肪在小麦和玉米基础的育肥日粮中的饲喂价值相似。对补充YG和COS的性能反应相似。YG的NEm和NEg值分别为6.35和4.93兆卡/千克，而COS的相应值分别为5.69和4.60兆卡/千克。在生长育肥日粮中补充高达6%（0.45千克/天）的脂肪不会直接影响体组成。SFW的净能值约为SFC值的96%。
