可变比率强化程序及不断变化的标准对肥胖和非肥胖男孩运动的影响。
Effects of a variable-ratio reinforcement schedule with changing criteria on exercise in obese and nonobese boys.
作者信息
De Luca R V, Holborn S W
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1992 Fall;25(3):671-9. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1992.25-671.
Abstract
The effects of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement on pedaling a a stationary exercise bicycle were examined. Three obese and three nonobese 11-year-old boys were individually tested five times weekly for approximately 12 weeks. A changing-criterion design was used in which each successive criterion was increased over mean performance rate in the previous phase by approximately 15%. The contingencies of the successive criteria resulted in systematic increases in rate of exercise for all children. Final variable-ratio rates were higher than those under fixed ratios found in previous research, with rates for 2 of the 3 obese boys approximating those of the nonobese.
摘要
研究了可变比率强化程序对固定式健身自行车蹬踏效果的影响。三名肥胖和三名非肥胖的11岁男孩每周接受五次单独测试，持续约12周。采用了变化标准设计，其中每个连续标准在前一阶段的平均表现率基础上提高约15%。连续标准的意外情况导致所有儿童的运动率系统性增加。最终的可变比率率高于先前研究中固定比率下的率，三名肥胖男孩中有两名的比率接近非肥胖男孩。
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