Lanza E
Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, University of Oslo, Norway.
J Child Lang. 1992 Oct;19(3):633-58. doi: 10.1017/s0305000900011600.
Sociolinguists have investigated language mixing as code-switching in the speech of bilingual children three years old and older. Language mixing by bilingual two-year-olds, however, has generally been interpreted in the child language literature as a sign of the child's lack of language differentiation. The present study applies perspectives from sociolinguistics to investigate the language mixing of a bilingual two-year-old acquiring Norwegian and English simultaneously in Norway. Monthly recordings of the child's spontaneous speech in interactions with her parents were made from the age of 2;0 to 2;7. An investigation into the formal aspects of the child's mixing and the context of the mixing reveals that she does differentiate her language use in contextually sensitive ways, hence that she can code-switch. This investigation stresses the need to examine more carefully the roles of dominance and context in the language mixing of young bilingual children.
社会语言学家已经将语言混合作为三岁及以上双语儿童言语中的语码转换现象进行了研究。然而，在儿童语言文献中，两岁双语儿童的语言混合现象通常被解释为儿童缺乏语言区分能力的表现。本研究运用社会语言学的视角，对一名在挪威同时习得挪威语和英语的两岁双语儿童的语言混合现象进行调查。从该儿童2岁零个月到2岁零7个月期间，每月记录她与父母互动时的自发言语。对该儿童语言混合的形式方面及其混合语境的调查表明，她确实以对语境敏感的方式区分自己的语言使用，因此她能够进行语码转换。这项调查强调需要更仔细地研究优势地位和语境在年幼双语儿童语言混合中的作用。
