McCuaig K E, Houtchens B A
Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Edmonton, Canada.
J Trauma. 1992 Oct;33(4):610-25; discussion 625-6. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199210000-00018.
Trauma may cause morbidity or mortality in expeditionary spaceflight settings. Physiologic and mechanical changes related to microgravity may increase susceptibility to and complicate the management of injuries in spaceflight. Limited surgical experience in microgravity suggests that special apparatuses and techniques will be needed to maintain the stability of patients, surgeons, and equipment, and to control fluids. A prototype microgravity surgical workstation and suction unit and modifications of standard procedures were devised to address these needs. Using these devices and methods and selected surgical supplies during repeated 25-second intervals of microgravity generated by parabolic arc flight, the "ABCs" of trauma management, limb traction and immobilization, and minor surgical procedures were performed in flight and problems were identified. Convincing "qualification" of spaceflight surgical equipment and protocols will require evaluations in continuous microgravity. As on Earth, the major determinant of emergency surgical care in spaceflight may be the presence or absence of a well-trained surgeon.
在太空探索飞行环境中，创伤可能导致发病或死亡。与微重力相关的生理和机械变化可能会增加太空飞行中受伤的易感性，并使损伤的处理变得复杂。微重力环境下有限的手术经验表明，需要特殊的设备和技术来维持患者、外科医生及设备的稳定性，并控制液体。为满足这些需求，设计了一个微重力手术工作站和吸引装置的原型以及标准程序的改进方案。利用这些设备、方法以及选定的手术用品，在抛物线飞行产生的重复25秒微重力间隔期间，进行了创伤处理的“ABC”步骤、肢体牵引和固定以及小型外科手术，并发现了问题。要令人信服地“验证”太空飞行手术设备和方案，需要在持续微重力环境下进行评估。与在地球上一样，太空飞行中紧急手术护理的主要决定因素可能是是否有训练有素的外科医生。
