Grossniklaus H E, Green W R
L. F. Montgomery Eye Pathology Laboratory, Emory Eye Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Retina. 1992;12(2):127-33. doi: 10.1097/00006982-199212020-00009.
A retrospective study was conducted of 308 eyes with pathologic myopia obtained from 202 patients (23 surgical eyes; 285 post mortem eyes) over a 67-year period. Histopathologic findings and percentage of eyes affected, in decreasing order of frequency, were myopic configuration of the optic nerve head, 37.7%; posterior staphyloma, 35.4%; degenerative changes of the vitreous, 35.1%; cobblestone degeneration, 14.3%; myopic degeneration of the retina, 11.4%; retinal detachment, 11.4%; retinal pits, holes, or tears, 8.1%; subretinal neovascularization, 5.2%; lattice degeneration, 4.9%; Fuchs spot, 3.2%; and lacquer cracks, 0.6%. The reasons for enucleation in the surgically obtained eyes included, in decreasing order of frequency: degeneration after retinal detachment; secondary glaucoma; endophthalmitis; postsurgical epithelial ingrowth; expulsive hemorrhage; degeneration after cataract extraction; and presumed intraocular tumor. Clinicopathologic correlations are discussed.
对202例患者（23只手术眼；285只死后眼）在67年期间获取的308只病理性近视眼睛进行了一项回顾性研究。按出现频率由高到低排列，组织病理学发现及受累眼睛的百分比为：视神经乳头近视形态，37.7%；后巩膜葡萄肿，35.4%；玻璃体退行性变，35.1%；铺路石样变性，14.3%；视网膜近视性变性，11.4%；视网膜脱离，11.4%；视网膜裂孔、破孔或撕裂，8.1%；视网膜下新生血管形成，5.2%；格子样变性，4.9%；富克斯斑，3.2%；漆裂纹，0.6%。手术获取的眼睛中眼球摘除的原因按出现频率由高到低依次为：视网膜脱离后的变性；继发性青光眼；眼内炎；术后上皮内生；驱逐性出血；白内障摘除后的变性；以及疑似眼内肿瘤。讨论了临床病理相关性。
