Cooper C W
Department of Community Medicine, University of Sydney, Croydon, NSW, Australia.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Mar-Apr;86(2):206-9. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90575-w.
A case-control study was undertaken to determine for the first time the specific aetiology of animal to human transmission of brucellosis in Saudi Arabia. Cases consisted of all patients with brucellosis attending the primary care clinic of the Riyadh Al-Kharj Hospital programme in central Saudi Arabia. A sample of individually matched controls was selected concurrently from patients attending the same clinic for unrelated problems. Cases and controls responded to a 48 item questionnaire on exposure to established risk factors for brucellosis. Greatest risk was found to be associated with indirect contact with animals (the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products), as opposed to direct contact with animals. When specific animal products were considered, greatest risk was associated with the consumption of milk and laban (buttermilk), as opposed to cheese or uncooked liver. When specific animal species were considered, greatest risk was associated with products derived from sheep and goats as opposed to camels and cattle. When direct contact with animals was considered, the study found a very high risk associated with assisting in animal parturition, but no significant risk associated with other direct (unspecified) animal contact.
开展了一项病例对照研究，首次确定沙特阿拉伯布鲁氏菌病动物传人传播的具体病因。病例包括在沙特阿拉伯中部利雅得哈吉尔医院项目初级保健诊所就诊的所有布鲁氏菌病患者。同时从因无关问题在同一诊所就诊的患者中选取个体匹配的对照样本。病例和对照对一份关于接触布鲁氏菌病既定风险因素的48项问卷进行了回答。发现最大风险与间接接触动物（食用未巴氏杀菌的乳制品）有关，而非与直接接触动物有关。当考虑特定动物产品时，最大风险与饮用牛奶和拉班（酪乳）有关，而非与食用奶酪或生肝有关。当考虑特定动物种类时，最大风险与源自绵羊和山羊的产品有关，而非与骆驼和牛的产品有关。当考虑与动物的直接接触时，研究发现协助动物分娩的风险非常高，但与其他直接（未明确说明的）动物接触无关的风险不显著。
