Bakken L, Romig C
College of Education, Wichita State University, Kansas 67208-1595.
J Adolesc. 1992 Sep;15(3):301-16. doi: 10.1016/0140-1971(92)90032-z.
Recent research suggests that, along with identity, intimacy is an important developmental construct during adolescence. Are there gender differences in current society regarding intimacy development? Two hundred and seven middle adolescents (70 males and 137 females) were measured using Schutz's (1958) Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Inventory (FIRO). The FIRO is a self-report survey which assesses the subject's perceived expressions and perceived desires in three categories of interpersonal relationships: Inclusion (companionship), control (leadership), and affection (intimacy). Results indicated that there were differences in expression of inclusion, control, and affection, and desire for inclusion and affection. A second analysis addressed the perceived ranking in importance of the three interpersonal categories measured. Males ranked control expressed highest and affection desired lowest; females ranked affection desired as highest and control expressed lowest. Both groups ranked inclusion desired and expressed as moderate. The current research suggests that gender differences in the development of intimacy may occur as early as middle adolescence.
近期研究表明，与身份认同一样，亲密关系是青少年时期一个重要的发展性概念。在当前社会中，亲密关系发展存在性别差异吗？使用舒茨（1958年）的基本人际关系量表（FIRO）对207名青少年中期学生（70名男性和137名女性）进行了测量。FIRO是一项自我报告调查，评估受试者在三类人际关系中的感知表达和感知需求：包容（陪伴）、控制（领导）和情感（亲密）。结果表明，在包容、控制和情感的表达以及对包容和情感的需求方面存在差异。第二项分析涉及对所测量的三类人际关系重要性的感知排名。男性将表达的控制列为最高，将渴望的情感列为最低；女性将渴望的情感列为最高，将表达的控制列为最低。两组都将渴望和表达的包容列为中等。当前的研究表明，亲密关系发展中的性别差异可能早在青少年中期就出现了。
