Call R S, Smith T F, Morris E, Chapman M D, Platts-Mills T A
Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.
J Pediatr. 1992 Dec;121(6):862-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80329-4.
Inner city children have the highest prevalence and the highest mortality rates for asthma in the United States. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sensitization and exposure to common indoor allergens among children aged 3 years to 15 years seen for treatment of asthma at Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Ga. Eighty children in this study were enrolled in the emergency department and 64 in hospital clinics. Dust from 57 homes, assayed for three indoor allergens (dust mite, cat, and cockroach), revealed similar exposure for asthma and control groups. Sixty-nine percent of the children with asthma had IgE antibodies to dust mite, cockroach, or cat; only 27% of the control subjects were similarly sensitized (p < 0.001). Of 35 children with asthma 21 had both sensitization and significant exposure to the relevant allergen; this was true for only 3 of 22 control subjects (odds ratio, 9.5; p < 0.001). Neither sensitization nor exposure to cat allergen was common in this population. The results show that black children in inner city Atlanta are exposed to high levels of mite and cockroach allergens and that a high proportion of the children with asthma are sensitized to these allergens; the combination of sensitization and exposure is a major risk factor for asthma in this population.
在美国，市中心区的儿童哮喘患病率和死亡率最高。本研究的目的是评估在佐治亚州亚特兰大市格雷迪纪念医院接受哮喘治疗的3至15岁儿童对常见室内过敏原的致敏情况和接触情况。本研究中的80名儿童在急诊科登记入组，64名在医院门诊登记入组。对57户家庭的灰尘进行了三种室内过敏原（尘螨、猫和蟑螂）检测，结果显示哮喘组和对照组的接触情况相似。69%的哮喘儿童对尘螨、蟑螂或猫有IgE抗体；只有27%的对照受试者有类似的致敏情况（p<0.001）。在35名哮喘儿童中，有21名对相关过敏原既有致敏又有大量接触；在22名对照受试者中只有3名是这样（优势比为9.5；p<0.001）。在这个群体中，对猫过敏原的致敏和接触都不常见。结果表明，亚特兰大市中心区的黑人儿童接触高水平的螨和蟑螂过敏原，且很大比例的哮喘儿童对这些过敏原致敏；致敏和接触的综合作用是该群体哮喘的主要危险因素。
