Cummins Justin S, Koval Kenneth J, Cantu Robert V, Spratt Kevin F
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, USA.
Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis. 2008;66(4):290-6.
Although air bags have been reported to reduce passenger mortality in frontal collisions, they have also been reported as a cause of injury in motor vehicle collisions(MVCs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate a large cohort of patients involved in MVCs to determine mortality and the pattern of injuries associated with seat belt use and air bag deployment. Information on patients involved in MVCs from 1988 to 2004 was obtained from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB). The data was evaluated based on four groups of safety devices: seat belt and deployed air bag (SBAB), seat belt only (SBO), deployed air bag only (ABO), and no safety devices (None). A total of 35,333 patients met study inclusion criteria. Air bags and seat belts used in combination decreased the risk of potentially fatal injuries, but increased the risk of lower extremity injuries (odds ratio, 1.35). The use of any type of restraint led to a decrease in the risk of injury or mortality in MVCs. Only half of all individuals in this study used any type of restraint device, which indicates the need for significant improvements in public health and safety seat belt utilization programs.
尽管据报道安全气囊可降低正面碰撞中乘客的死亡率，但也有报道称其是机动车碰撞（MVC）中受伤的一个原因。本研究的目的是评估一大群参与机动车碰撞的患者，以确定死亡率以及与安全带使用和安全气囊展开相关的损伤模式。从国家创伤数据库（NTDB）获取了1988年至2004年参与机动车碰撞患者的信息。数据基于四组安全装置进行评估：安全带和展开的安全气囊（SBAB）、仅安全带（SBO）、仅展开的安全气囊（ABO）以及无安全装置（无）。共有35333名患者符合研究纳入标准。安全气囊和安全带联合使用降低了潜在致命伤的风险，但增加了下肢受伤的风险（优势比，1.35）。使用任何类型的约束装置都会降低机动车碰撞中受伤或死亡的风险。本研究中只有一半的个体使用了任何类型的约束装置，这表明公共卫生和安全安全带使用计划需要大幅改进。
