Sharit Joseph, Czaja Sara J, Nair Sankaran, Lee Chin Chin
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124-0623, USA.
Hum Factors. 2003 Summer;45(2):234-51. doi: 10.1518/hfes.45.2.234.27245.
Age differences in the use of telephone menu systems were investigated in two experiments. Participants from three age groups (younger: 18-39; middle-aged: 40-59; older: 60+ years) were required to obtain specified information or perform some action using simulated voice menu systems. Measures reflecting task performance, menu navigation, and subjective responses were collected. The focus in Experiment 1 was on examining the effect of speech rate. Data from 196 participants indicated age differences in performance, especially for complex problems. There was no effect of speech rate on any of the performance measures. Experiment 2 examined two types of support devices: a screen phone and a graphical aid. Data from 114 participants indicated that the screen phone provided some benefits in navigational efficiency. In terms of performance, the older participants benefited more from the graphical aid and the younger participants performed better with the screen phone. Actual or potential applications of this research include guidance in the use of support devices that can reduce memory demands and the identification of appropriate speech rates.
在两项实验中研究了电话菜单系统使用方面的年龄差异。来自三个年龄组（年轻人：18 - 39岁；中年人：40 - 59岁；老年人：60岁及以上）的参与者被要求使用模拟语音菜单系统获取特定信息或执行某些操作。收集了反映任务表现、菜单导航和主观反应的指标。实验1的重点是研究语速的影响。来自196名参与者的数据表明在表现上存在年龄差异，尤其是在处理复杂问题时。语速对任何表现指标均无影响。实验2研究了两种类型的辅助设备：可视电话和图形辅助工具。来自114名参与者的数据表明可视电话在导航效率方面有一些益处。在表现方面，年长参与者从图形辅助工具中获益更多，而年轻参与者使用可视电话表现更佳。这项研究的实际或潜在应用包括指导使用可减少记忆需求的辅助设备以及确定合适的语速。
