de la Concha-Bermejillo A, Guo J, Zhang Z, Waldron D
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2003 Sep;15(5):423-31. doi: 10.1177/104063870301500504.
Orf (contagious ecthyma) is a viral disease of small and wild ruminants, humans, and less frequently other species. In sheep and goats, the disease is characterized by the formation of vesiculo-proliferative lesions in the skin of lips and nostril. Here, a form of generalized orf in 16 goat kids from 2 different locations in west Texas is described. The disease was characterized by multifocal, severe, proliferative dermatitis that persisted from about 2 months of age until the goat kids were euthanized 3 months later. All affected goats were Boer or Boer crosses under 1 year of age. The mean immunoglobulin concentration in sera of affected goats was elevated compared with healthy control goats. Severe to moderate lymphadenomegaly of the nodes draining the areas of the skin affected with orf lesions was present in all 16 goat kids. Suppurative arthritis, chronic fibrinous pneumonia, and premature thymic involution were found in 3, 5, and 7 of the goat kids, respectively. The skin lesions of 3 goat kids were infested with larvae of the opportunistic black garbage fly (Ophira sp.). The orf virus was identified in skin lesions by isolation in Marbin-Darby ovine kidney cells, electron microscopy, and amplification of viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction. The orf virus was not detected in peripheral blood or lymph node mononuclear cells of any of the goats. Cross-neutralization experiments showed that an ovine orf virus antiserum raised in sheep was more effective in neutralizing a sheep orf virus isolate than a caprine orf virus isolate. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these orf cases may be the result of susceptibility factors within some individuals of the Boer breed of goats.
羊口疮（传染性脓疱性皮炎）是一种发生于小型和野生反刍动物、人类以及较少见于其他物种的病毒性疾病。在绵羊和山羊中，该病的特征是在嘴唇和鼻孔皮肤处形成水疱性增殖性病变。在此，描述了来自西德克萨斯州2个不同地点的16只山羊羔发生的一种全身性羊口疮形式。该病的特征是多灶性、严重的增殖性皮炎，从约2月龄持续至3个月后这些山羊羔被实施安乐死。所有患病山羊均为1岁以下的波尔山羊或波尔山羊杂交品种。与健康对照山羊相比，患病山羊血清中的免疫球蛋白浓度升高。所有16只山羊羔均出现引流羊口疮病变皮肤区域的淋巴结严重至中度肿大。分别在3只、5只和7只山羊羔中发现了化脓性关节炎、慢性纤维素性肺炎和胸腺过早退化。3只山羊羔的皮肤病变被机会性黑果蝇（Ophira sp.）的幼虫寄生。通过在马尔堡-达比羊肾细胞中分离、电子显微镜检查以及聚合酶链反应扩增病毒DNA，在皮肤病变中鉴定出羊口疮病毒。在任何一只山羊的外周血或淋巴结单核细胞中均未检测到羊口疮病毒。交叉中和试验表明，在绵羊中制备的绵羊羊口疮病毒抗血清在中和绵羊羊口疮病毒分离株方面比山羊羊口疮病毒分离株更有效。这些羊口疮病例的临床和流行病学特征可能是波尔山羊品种某些个体内易感性因素的结果。
