Rout G R, Samantaray S, Das P
Plant Biotechnology Division, Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar-751 015, Orissa, India.
Biotechnol Adv. 2000 Apr;18(2):91-120. doi: 10.1016/s0734-9750(99)00026-9.
Well developed techniques are currently available to help growers meet the demand of the pharmaceutical industry in the next century. These protocols are designed to provide optimal levels of carbohydrates, organic compounds (vitamins), mineral nutrients, environmental factors (e.g. light, gaseous environment, temperature, and humidity) and growth regulators required to obtain high regeneration rates of many plant species in vitro and thereby facilitate commercially viable micropropagation. Well-defined cell culture methods have also been developed for the production of several important secondary products. An overview of the regeneration of medicinal plants by direct and indirect organogenesis and by somatic embryogenesis from various types of explants is presented, and the use of these techniques combined with other biotechnological approaches to improve medicinal plants through somaclonal variation and genetic transformation is reviewed.
目前已有成熟的技术可帮助种植者满足下个世纪制药行业的需求。这些方案旨在提供最佳水平的碳水化合物、有机化合物（维生素）、矿质营养、环境因素（如光照、气体环境、温度和湿度）以及生长调节剂，以实现许多植物物种在体外的高再生率，从而促进具有商业可行性的微繁殖。还开发了明确的细胞培养方法用于生产几种重要的次生产品。本文概述了药用植物通过直接和间接器官发生以及从各种外植体进行体细胞胚胎发生的再生过程，并综述了将这些技术与其他生物技术方法相结合，通过体细胞无性系变异和遗传转化来改良药用植物的应用。
