Charles Patrick G P
Victorian Infectious Disease Reference Laboratory, North Melbourne, Victoria.
Aust Fam Physician. 2003 Oct;32(10):785-8.
Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the ubiquitous Epstein-Barr virus. It is a common condition usually affecting adolescents and young adults. Most cases are mild to moderate in severity with full recovery taking place over several weeks. More severe cases and unusual complications occasionally occur.
After presenting a case of severe infectious mononucleosis, the spectrum of disease is given. Diagnosis and complications are reviewed as well as management including the possible role for antiviral medications or corticosteroid therapy.
The majority of cases of infectious mononucleosis are self limiting and require only supportive care. More severe cases, although unusual, may require admission to hospital and even to an intensive care unit. Corticosteroid therapy may be indicated for severe airway obstruction or other severe complications, but should be avoided unless the benefits outweigh potential risks. Antiviral therapy has no proven benefit.
传染性单核细胞增多症由普遍存在的爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒引起。这是一种常见病症，通常影响青少年和青年。大多数病例病情为轻至中度，数周内可完全康复。偶尔会出现更严重的病例和罕见并发症。
在介绍一例严重传染性单核细胞增多症病例后，阐述该病的疾病谱。对诊断、并发症以及治疗管理进行综述，包括抗病毒药物或皮质类固醇疗法的可能作用。
大多数传染性单核细胞增多症病例为自限性，仅需支持性治疗。更严重的病例虽不常见，但可能需要住院甚至入住重症监护病房。对于严重气道阻塞或其他严重并发症，可能需要使用皮质类固醇疗法，但除非益处大于潜在风险，否则应避免使用。抗病毒治疗尚无确凿益处。
