Ewing Vanessa Lynn, Stukas Arthur A, Sheehan Eugene P
Department of Psychology, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley 80639, USA.
J Soc Psychol. 2003 Oct;143(5):569-79. doi: 10.1080/00224540309598464.
The authors examined whether gay men and lesbians are evaluated more negatively than individuals of unspecified sexual orientation when attributional ambiguity surrounds evaluations and whether they are evaluated similarly to unspecified others when no attributional ambiguity is present. One male and one female lecturer delivered either a strong or a weak lecture to students who either (a) believed that the lecturer was a gay man or a lesbian or (b) did not receive sexual orientation information. Contrary to predictions, the quality of the lecture did not influence the ratings of known gay male and lesbian lecturers, although lecture quality strongly influenced ratings of lecturers whose sexual orientation was unspecified. After strong lectures, participants rated known gay male and lesbian lecturers more negatively than they did lecturers whose sexual orientation was unspecified. After weak lectures, participants rated known gay male and lesbian lecturers more positively than they did the others. The authors discussed the possibility that students might moderate their ratings to avoid discriminating against gay and lesbian lecturers.
作者们研究了在存在归因模糊性的评价中,男同性恋者和女同性恋者是否比性取向未明确的个体受到更负面的评价,以及在不存在归因模糊性时,他们是否与性取向未明确的其他人受到相似的评价。一位男讲师和一位女讲师分别给学生们进行一场精彩或糟糕的讲座,这些学生要么(a)认为讲师是男同性恋者或女同性恋者,要么(b)没有收到关于性取向的信息。与预测相反,讲座质量并未影响已知的男同性恋和女同性恋讲师的评分,尽管讲座质量对性取向未明确的讲师的评分有很大影响。在精彩讲座之后,参与者对已知的男同性恋和女同性恋讲师的评价比对性取向未明确的讲师更负面。在糟糕讲座之后,参与者对已知的男同性恋和女同性恋讲师的评价比对其他讲师更正面。作者们讨论了学生可能会调整他们的评分以避免歧视男同性恋和女同性恋讲师的可能性。