Haj-Yahia Muhammad M, Abdo-Kaloti Rula
Paul Baerwald School of Social Work, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel.
Child Abuse Negl. 2003 Jul;27(7):781-806. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(03)00119-4.
First, to examine the rates of Palestinian adolescents' exposure to (i.e., witnessing and experiencing) different patterns of psychological aggression and physical violence in their families of origin; and second, to examine the correlation between this exposure and sociodemographic characteristics, parents' psychological adjustment problems, and family exposure to political stressors.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among a sample of 1,185 Palestinian secondary school students.
The study reveals very alarming rates of witnessing interparental and parent-to-sibling aggression and violence, and high rates of experiencing aggression and violence by parents and siblings during childhood and adolescence. In addition, these rates were found to be intercorrelated, and correlated significantly with several sociodemographic characteristics such as parents' levels of education, place of residence, family size, religious affiliation, family income, and housing conditions, as well as with parents' psychological adjustment problems and with family exposure to political stressors.
The results of the study reveal strong evidence that emphasizes the importance of studying violence in the family from an integrative, comprehensive, and ecological perspective that incorporates intrapersonal traits, family stress theory, family resources theory, social learning theory, and sociological and environmental factors, to explain the risk factors and predictors of violence in the family.
第一，调查巴勒斯坦青少年在原生家庭中接触（即目睹和经历）不同模式心理攻击和身体暴力的比率；第二，调查这种接触与社会人口学特征、父母的心理调适问题以及家庭所面临的政治压力源之间的相关性。
对1185名巴勒斯坦中学生样本进行了横断面调查。
研究揭示了目睹父母之间以及父母对兄弟姐妹的攻击和暴力的比率令人极为震惊，且在童年和青少年时期经历来自父母和兄弟姐妹的攻击和暴力的比率很高。此外，发现这些比率相互关联，并且与一些社会人口学特征显著相关，如父母的教育水平、居住地点、家庭规模、宗教信仰、家庭收入和住房条件，以及与父母的心理调适问题和家庭所面临的政治压力源相关。
研究结果有力地证明，强调从综合、全面和生态的角度研究家庭中的暴力行为的重要性，这种角度纳入了个人特质、家庭压力理论、家庭资源理论、社会学习理论以及社会学和环境因素，以解释家庭中暴力行为的风险因素和预测因素。
