Turkheimer Eric, Haley Andreana, Waldron Mary, D'Onofrio Brian, Gottesman Irving I
University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22904, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2003 Nov;14(6):623-8. doi: 10.1046/j.0956-7976.2003.psci_1475.x.
Scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children were analyzed in a sample of 7-year-old twins from the National Collaborative Perinatal Project. A substantial proportion of the twins were raised in families living near or below the poverty level. Biometric analyses were conducted using models allowing for components attributable to the additive effects of genotype, shared environment, and nonshared environment to interact with socioeconomic status (SES) measured as a continuous variable. Results demonstrate that the proportions of IQ variance attributable to genes and environment vary nonlinearly with SES. The models suggest that in impoverished families, 60% of the variance in IQ is accounted for by the shared environment, and the contribution of genes is close to zero; in affluent families, the result is almost exactly the reverse.
对来自国家围产期协作项目的7岁双胞胎样本进行了韦氏儿童智力量表得分分析。相当一部分双胞胎成长于生活在贫困线或贫困线以下的家庭。使用模型进行生物统计学分析，这些模型考虑了可归因于基因型加性效应、共享环境和非共享环境的因素与作为连续变量测量的社会经济地位（SES）之间的相互作用。结果表明，智商差异中可归因于基因和环境的比例随社会经济地位呈非线性变化。模型表明，在贫困家庭中，智商差异的60%由共享环境造成，基因的贡献接近于零；在富裕家庭中，结果几乎完全相反。
