Todd A C, McNeill F E, Fowler B A
University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
Environ Res. 1992 Dec;59(2):326-35. doi: 10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80039-8.
The in vivo measurement of lead in bone by K X-ray fluorescence (K XRF) is becoming an increasingly widely utilized technique for assessing long-term lead dosimetry. Several groups have already reported the development of in vivo measurement systems, the majority adopting the 109Cd/backscatter K XRF technique because of its substantial advantages in terms of a robust measurement, lower detection limit (compared with 57Co/90 degrees), absence of the need for sedation of younger subjects, and lower effective (radiation) dose when calculated according to the most recent guidelines. The advantages of the 109Cd system are primarily a consequence of the physics principles of the technique. The apparatus of each XRF technique is transportable, facilitating easy establishment of mobile laboratory facilities. More research is needed to substantiate claims made for particular XRF technologies, but both L and K XRF techniques provide the possibility of improved understanding of the body's handling of the ubiquitous toxin lead.
通过K射线荧光（K XRF）对骨骼中的铅进行体内测量，正成为一种越来越广泛应用于评估长期铅剂量测定的技术。已有多个研究小组报告了体内测量系统的开发情况，大多数采用109Cd/背散射K XRF技术，因为该技术在测量稳健性、较低检测限（与57Co/90度相比）、无需对年轻受试者进行镇静以及根据最新指南计算时有效（辐射）剂量较低等方面具有显著优势。109Cd系统的优势主要源于该技术的物理原理。每种XRF技术的仪器都便于携带，有利于轻松建立移动实验室设施。需要更多研究来证实对特定XRF技术的相关说法，但L和K XRF技术都为更好地理解人体对普遍存在的毒素铅的处理方式提供了可能性。
