Szenborn Leszek, Tischer Annedore, Pejcz Jerzy, Rudkowski Zbigniew, Wójcik Marta
Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2003 Dec;9(12):CR541-6.
Currently, the majority of newborns in Poland are born to mothers who have been immunized against measles. The aim of this study was to compare the maternal measles antibody titers of infants born to mothers who had been infected by measles wild virus (group I) with those born to mothers who had been vaccinated (group II).
MATERIAL/METHODS: Serum samples were tested for measles antibodies from 79 infants in the 7th month of life and from 27 mothers between 17 and 41 years of age. Two commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and a plaque neutralization test (PNT) were used.
Only 12.7% of all infants showed measles antibodies in EIA. However, antibodies could be detected by PNT in all the infants, although only 36.6% showed titers of >1:8, which corresponds to protective antibody values of >0.2 IU/ml. The mean geometrical titer was significantly higher among infants from group I than in group II (1:7.16 vs. 1:3.71, p=0.0038). Protective antibody titers were detected in 50% of infants from group I and only 18.2% in group II (p<0.02).
Passive acquired immunity in infants born to mothers who have had measles lasts longer than in infants born to vaccinated mothers. Nearly two thirds of infants (65.4%) in the 7th month of life did not have sufficient maternally derived neutralizing antibodies to protect against measles. Our data suggest that the recommended age for the first dose of measles vaccine during measles epidemics should be lowered to 9 months, with re-vaccination at 12-15 months.
目前，波兰的大多数新生儿的母亲都接种过麻疹疫苗。本研究的目的是比较感染过麻疹野生病毒的母亲所生婴儿（第一组）与接种过疫苗的母亲所生婴儿（第二组）的母亲麻疹抗体滴度。
材料/方法：对79名7月龄婴儿和27名17至41岁母亲的血清样本进行麻疹抗体检测。使用了两种商业酶免疫测定法（EIA）和一种蚀斑中和试验（PNT）。
在所有婴儿中，只有12.7%在EIA中显示出麻疹抗体。然而，通过PNT在所有婴儿中都能检测到抗体，尽管只有36.6%的婴儿滴度>1:8，这相当于保护性抗体值>0.2 IU/ml。第一组婴儿的平均几何滴度显著高于第二组（1:7.16对1:3.71，p = 0.0038）。在第一组50%的婴儿中检测到保护性抗体滴度，而在第二组中仅为18.2%（p<0.02）。
患过麻疹的母亲所生婴儿的被动获得性免疫比接种过疫苗的母亲所生婴儿持续时间更长。在7月龄的婴儿中，近三分之二（65.4%）没有足够的母体来源中和抗体来预防麻疹。我们的数据表明，在麻疹流行期间，首剂麻疹疫苗的推荐接种年龄应降至9个月，并在12 - 15个月时进行复种。
