Persson Jonas, Bringlöv Eva, Nilsson Lars-Göran, Nyberg Lars
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Apr;172(4):430-4. doi: 10.1007/s00213-003-1675-8. Epub 2003 Nov 25.
The use of herbal remedies, such as Ginkgo biloba and Ginseng, for improving cognitive performance has become increasingly popular during recent years. Several previous studies have indicated that administration of Ginkgo biloba and Ginseng may improve aspects of learning and memory in healthy volunteers. These results, however, are generally not supported by well-controlled clinical studies. Also, positive results have often been reported from studies investigating effects related to short-term, chronic administration of the extract. Nonetheless, both Ginkgo biloba and Ginseng are marketed as having the capacity to enhance cognitive functions, such as memory and learning, in the long term.
This study aimed at investigating whether the use of Ginkgo biloba and Ginseng for a long period of time has positive effects on performance on learning and memory.
Community-dwelling volunteers ( n=3500) from The Betula prospective cohort study: memory, health, and aging were included in the study.
It was found that the use of neither Ginkgo biloba ( n=40) nor Ginseng ( n=86) was associated with enhanced memory performance in any of the eight memory tests examined, relative to control groups either using or not using nutritional supplements.
These findings indicate that use of Ginkgo biloba or Ginseng does not provide any quantifiable beneficial effects on memory performance in the long-term in healthy adult volunteers.
近年来，使用银杏叶和人参等草药疗法来改善认知能力变得越来越普遍。此前的多项研究表明，给予银杏叶和人参可能会改善健康志愿者的学习和记忆方面。然而，这些结果通常未得到严格对照的临床研究的支持。此外，关于提取物短期、长期给药效果的研究经常报告出阳性结果。尽管如此，银杏叶和人参都作为具有长期增强认知功能（如记忆和学习）的能力进行销售。
本研究旨在调查长期使用银杏叶和人参是否对学习和记忆表现有积极影响。
来自桦树前瞻性队列研究：记忆、健康与衰老的社区居住志愿者（n = 3500）被纳入研究。
发现与使用或不使用营养补充剂的对照组相比，在八项记忆测试中的任何一项中，使用银杏叶（n = 40）或人参（n = 86）均与记忆表现增强无关。
这些发现表明，长期来看，在健康成年志愿者中，使用银杏叶或人参对记忆表现没有任何可量化的有益影响。
