Klier Eliana M, Crawford J Douglas
Canadian Institute of Health Research Group for Action and Perception, York Centre for Vision Research and Departments of Psychology, Biology and Kinesiology Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Oct;1004:122-31. doi: 10.1196/annals.1303.011.
The neural commands for gaze control include not only signals that drive the eyes and head from one point to the next, but also those that hold the eyes and head steady at the end of each movement. Studies using microstimulation and chemical inactivation techniques, in head-fixed and head-free macaques, were used to investigate the role of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) in the production of the latter, tonic signals. The right INC was found to control clockwise-up and clockwise-down components of both eye and head orientation, whereas the left INC was found to control the counterclockwise-up and counterclockwise-down components. Temporary inactivation of the INC left the eyes and head unable to hold their final torsional and vertical positions after each gaze shift. Thus, the INC is strongly implicated in the production of the tonic, step-like commands that maintain eye and head orientations between gaze shifts. In addition, these studies also found that the INC represents the torsional and vertical commands for eye and head orientation using different coordinate coding strategies, optimally matched to the different three-dimensional postural constraints observed in the eye and head.
用于注视控制的神经指令不仅包括驱使眼睛和头部从一个点移动到下一个点的信号，还包括那些在每次移动结束时使眼睛和头部保持稳定的信号。在固定头部和自由活动的猕猴身上，利用微刺激和化学失活技术进行的研究，旨在探究 Cajal 间质核（INC）在产生后者（即紧张性信号）中的作用。研究发现，右侧 INC 控制眼睛和头部方向的顺时针向上和顺时针向下分量，而左侧 INC 控制逆时针向上和逆时针向下分量。INC 的暂时失活使得眼睛和头部在每次注视转移后无法保持其最终的扭转和垂直位置。因此，INC 与产生维持注视转移之间眼睛和头部方向的紧张性、阶梯状指令密切相关。此外，这些研究还发现，INC 使用不同的坐标编码策略来表示眼睛和头部方向的扭转和垂直指令，这些策略与在眼睛和头部中观察到的不同三维姿势约束最佳匹配。
