Cohen Bernard, Dai Mingjia, Raphan Theodore
Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Oct;1004:359-76. doi: 10.1196/annals.1303.034.
We propose that motion sickness is mediated through the orientation properties of velocity storage in the vestibular system that tend to align eye velocity produced by the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) with gravito-inertial acceleration (GIA). (GIA is the sum of the linear accelerations acting on the head. In the absence of translational accelerations, gravity is the GIA.) We further postulate that motion sickness produced by cross-coupled vestibular stimulation can be characterized by a metric composed of the disparity between the axis of eye rotation and the GIA, the strength of the response to angular motion, and the response duration, as determined by the central vestibular time constant, that is, by the time constant of velocity storage. The nodulus and uvula of the vestibulocerebellum are likely to be the central sites where the disparity is sensed, where the vestibular time constants are habituated, and where links are made to the autonomic system to produce the symptoms and signs.
我们提出，晕动病是通过前庭系统中速度存储的定向特性介导的，该特性倾向于使角前庭眼反射（aVOR）产生的眼速度与重力惯性加速度（GIA）对齐。（GIA是作用于头部的线性加速度之和。在没有平移加速度的情况下，重力就是GIA。）我们进一步假设，交叉耦合前庭刺激产生的晕动病可以通过一个度量来表征，该度量由眼旋转轴与GIA之间的差异、对角运动的反应强度以及由中央前庭时间常数（即速度存储的时间常数）决定的反应持续时间组成。前庭小脑的小结和蚓垂可能是感知差异、使前庭时间常数产生习惯化以及与自主神经系统建立联系以产生症状和体征的中枢部位。
